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Distribution shifts are ubiquitous in real-world machine learning applications, posing a challenge to the generalization of models trained on one data distribution to another. We focus on scenarios where data distributions vary across…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-05 Steven Wilkins-Reeves , Xu Chen , Qi Ma , Christine Agarwal , Aude Hofleitner

Deep clustering has recently emerged as a promising technique for complex data clustering. Despite the considerable progress, previous deep clustering works mostly build or learn the final clustering by only utilizing a single layer of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Dong Huang , Ding-Hua Chen , Xiangji Chen , Chang-Dong Wang , Jian-Huang Lai

Uncertainty estimation for machine learning models is of high importance in many scenarios such as constructing the confidence intervals for model predictions and detection of out-of-distribution or adversarially generated points. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-06 Kirill Fedyanin , Evgenii Tsymbalov , Maxim Panov

This paper introduces Multi-population Ensemble Genetic Programming (MEGP), a computational intelligence framework that integrates cooperative coevolution and the multiview learning paradigm to address classification challenges in…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Mohammad Sadegh Khorshidi , Navid Yazdanjue , Hassan Gharoun , Mohammad Reza Nikoo , Fang Chen , Amir H. Gandomi

Ensembles of machine learning models have been well established as a powerful method of improving performance over a single model. Traditionally, ensembling algorithms train their base learners independently or sequentially with the goal of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Alan Jeffares , Tennison Liu , Jonathan Crabbé , Mihaela van der Schaar

The i.i.d. assumption is a useful idealization that underpins many successful approaches to supervised machine learning. However, its violation can lead to models that learn to exploit spurious correlations in the training data, rendering…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-15 Daniel Pace , Alessandra Russo , Murray Shanahan

Differences in data size per class, also known as imbalanced data distribution, have become a common problem affecting data quality. Big Data scenarios pose a new challenge to traditional imbalanced classification algorithms, since they are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-06 Diego García-Gil , Salvador García , Ning Xiong , Francisco Herrera

Few-shot classification consists of learning a predictive model that is able to effectively adapt to a new class, given only a few annotated samples. To solve this challenging problem, meta-learning has become a popular paradigm that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-02 Nikita Dvornik , Cordelia Schmid , Julien Mairal

Recognising and reacting to change in non-stationary data-streams is a challenging task. The majority of research in this area assumes that the true class label of incoming points are available, either at each time step or intermittently…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Conor Fahy , Shengxiang Yang

Ensembles of neural networks achieve superior performance compared to stand-alone networks in terms of accuracy, uncertainty calibration and robustness to dataset shift. \emph{Deep ensembles}, a state-of-the-art method for uncertainty…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-23 Sheheryar Zaidi , Arber Zela , Thomas Elsken , Chris Holmes , Frank Hutter , Yee Whye Teh

Class imbalance is a characteristic known for making learning more challenging for classification models as they may end up biased towards the majority class. A promising approach among the ensemble-based methods in the context of imbalance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Mariana A. Souza , Robert Sabourin , George D. C. Cavalcanti , Rafael M. O. Cruz

Training a diverse ensemble of models has several practical applications such as providing candidates for model selection with better out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization, and enabling the detection of OOD samples via Bayesian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Alexander Rubinstein , Luca Scimeca , Damien Teney , Seong Joon Oh

We study the problem of selecting limited features to observe such that models trained on them can perform well simultaneously across multiple subpopulations. This problem has applications in settings where collecting each feature is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Maitreyi Swaroop , Tamar Krishnamurti , Bryan Wilder

A widely used paradigm to improve the generalization performance of high-capacity neural models is through the addition of auxiliary unsupervised tasks during supervised training. Tasks such as similarity matching and input reconstruction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Shivin Srivastava , Kenji Kawaguchi , Vaibhav Rajan

Deep learning models frequently exploit spurious features in training data to achieve low training error, often resulting in poor generalization when faced with shifted testing distributions. To address this issue, various methods from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Geraldin Nanfack , Eugene Belilovsky

Subpopulation shift widely exists in many real-world machine learning applications, referring to the training and test distributions containing the same subpopulation groups but varying in subpopulation frequencies. Importance reweighting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-04 Zongbo Han , Zhipeng Liang , Fan Yang , Liu Liu , Lanqing Li , Yatao Bian , Peilin Zhao , Bingzhe Wu , Changqing Zhang , Jianhua Yao

Machine learning models often have uneven performance among subpopulations (a.k.a., groups) in the data distributions. This poses a significant challenge for the models to generalize when the proportions of the groups shift during…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Rui Qiao , Zhaoxuan Wu , Jingtan Wang , Pang Wei Koh , Bryan Kian Hsiang Low

Ensembles, as a widely used and effective technique in the machine learning community, succeed within a key element -- "diversity." The relationship between diversity and generalization, unfortunately, is not entirely understood and remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-10 Yijun Bian , Huanhuan Chen

Deep neural networks (NNs) are powerful black box predictors that have recently achieved impressive performance on a wide spectrum of tasks. Quantifying predictive uncertainty in NNs is a challenging and yet unsolved problem. Bayesian NNs,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-07 Balaji Lakshminarayanan , Alexander Pritzel , Charles Blundell

When machine learning models are trained on synthetic data and then deployed on real data, there is often a performance drop due to the distribution shift between synthetic and real data. In this paper, we introduce a new ensemble strategy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Haoyuan Sun , Navid Azizan , Akash Srivastava , Hao Wang