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Large Language Models (LLMs) excel as passive responders, but teaching them to be proactive, goal-oriented partners, a critical capability in high-stakes domains, remains a major challenge. Current paradigms either myopically optimize…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Fei Wei , Daoyuan Chen , Ce Wang , Yilun Huang , Yushuo Chen , Xuchen Pan , Yaliang Li , Bolin Ding

The rise of large language models (LLMs) has transformed healthcare by offering clinical guidance, yet their direct deployment to patients poses safety risks due to limited domain expertise. To mitigate this, we propose repositioning LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Wenya Xie , Qingying Xiao , Yu Zheng , Xidong Wang , Junying Chen , Ke Ji , Anningzhe Gao , Prayag Tiwari , Xiang Wan , Feng Jiang , Benyou Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly integral to enhancing developer productivity, particularly in code generation, comprehension, and repair tasks. However, fine-tuning these models with high-quality, real-world data is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Xiaoyun Liang , Jingyi Ren , Jiayi Qi , Chao Peng , Bo Jiang

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have rapidly proliferated and have been utilized in various tasks, including research in dialogue systems. We aimed to construct a system that not only leverages the flexible conversational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Katsumasa Yoshikawa , Takato Yamazaki , Masaya Ohagi , Tomoya Mizumoto , Keiya Sato

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to support creative tasks such as research idea generation. While recent work has shown that structured dialogues between LLMs can improve the novelty and feasibility of generated ideas,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Keisuke Ueda , Wataru Hirota , Takuto Asakura , Takahiro Omi , Kosuke Takahashi , Kosuke Arima , Tatsuya Ishigaki

The advancement of Large Language Models (LLM) has also resulted in an equivalent proliferation in its applications. Software design, being one, has gained tremendous benefits in using LLMs as an interface component that extends fixed user…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Claudionor N. Coelho , Hanchen Xiong , Tushar Karayil , Sree Koratala , Rex Shang , Jacob Bollinger , Mohamed Shabar , Syam Nair

Large language models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated remarkable capabilities to comprehend human intentions, engage in reasoning, and design planning-like behavior. To further unleash the power of LLMs to accomplish complex tasks, there…

LLM-based agents have emerged as transformative tools capable of executing complex tasks through iterative planning and action, achieving significant advancements in understanding and addressing user needs. Yet, their effectiveness remains…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Mithat Can Ozgun , Jiahuan Pei , Koen Hindriks , Lucia Donatelli , Qingzhi Liu , Junxiao Wang

Autonomous agents driven by Large Language Models (LLMs) offer enormous potential for automation. Early proof of this technology can be found in various demonstrations of agents solving complex tasks, interacting with external systems to…

Current research on large language model (LLM) agents is fragmented: discussions of conceptual frameworks and methodological principles are frequently intertwined with low-level implementation details, causing both readers and authors to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Haoyu Jia , Kento Kawaharazuka , Kei Okada

Large Language Models (LLMs) possess substantial reasoning capabilities and are increasingly applied to optimization tasks, particularly in synergy with evolutionary computation. However, while recent surveys have explored specific aspects…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Yisong Zhang , Ran Cheng , Guoxing Yi , Kay Chen Tan

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved superior performance in powering text-based AI agents, endowing them with decision-making and reasoning abilities akin to humans. Concurrently, there is an emerging research trend focused on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Junlin Xie , Zhihong Chen , Ruifei Zhang , Xiang Wan , Guanbin Li

Simulated Students offer a valuable methodological framework for evaluating pedagogical approaches and modelling diverse learner profiles, tasks which are otherwise challenging to undertake systematically in real-world settings. Recent…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Luis Marquez-Carpintero , Alberto Lopez-Sellers , Miguel Cazorla

Conversational shopping agents represent a critical consumer-facing application of Large Language Model (LLM)-powered agents, yet how to effectively apply post-training Reinforcement Learning (RL) to optimize such agents remains…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Yiruo Cheng , Kelong Mao , Tianhao Li , Jiejun Tan , Ji-Rong Wen , Zhicheng Dou

Designing robotic agents to perform open vocabulary tasks has been the long-standing goal in robotics and AI. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive results in creating robotic agents for performing open vocabulary…

Large Language Models (LLMs) as chatbots have drawn remarkable attention thanks to their versatile capability in natural language processing as well as in a wide range of tasks. While there has been great enthusiasm towards adopting such…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-24 Subir Majumder , Lin Dong , Fatemeh Doudi , Yuting Cai , Chao Tian , Dileep Kalathi , Kevin Ding , Anupam A. Thatte , Na Li , Le Xie

Language agents powered by large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in understanding, reasoning, and executing complex tasks. However, developing robust agents presents significant challenges: substantial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Qianqian Zhang , Jiajia Liao , Heting Ying , Yibo Ma , Haozhan Shen , Jingcheng Li , Peng Liu , Lu Zhang , Chunxin Fang , Kyusong Lee , Ruochen Xu , Tiancheng Zhao

Large language models (LLMs) encode a vast amount of world knowledge acquired from massive text datasets. Recent studies have demonstrated that LLMs can assist an embodied agent in solving complex sequential decision making tasks by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Bin Hu , Chenyang Zhao , Pu Zhang , Zihao Zhou , Yuanhang Yang , Zenglin Xu , Bin Liu

The rise of (multimodal) large language models (LLMs) has shed light on software agent -- where software can understand and follow user instructions in natural language. However, existing approaches such as API-based and GUI-based agents…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Mengwei Xu

Policymakers must often act under conditions of deep uncertainty, such as emergency response, where predicting the specific impacts of a policy apriori is implausible. Large Language Model (LLM) agent simulations have been proposed as tools…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yuxuan Li , Sauvik Das , Hirokazu Shirado