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Horizontal Federated learning (FL) handles multi-client data that share the same set of features, and vertical FL trains a better predictor that combine all the features from different clients. This paper targets solving vertical FL in an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Tianyi Chen , Xiao Jin , Yuejiao Sun , Wotao Yin

Federated learning (FL) has been widely employed for medical image analysis to facilitate multi-client collaborative learning without sharing raw data. Despite great success, FL's performance is limited for multiple sclerosis (MS) lesion…

Artificial intelligence (AI) has demonstrated considerable potential in the realm of medical imaging. However, the development of high-performance AI models typically necessitates training on large-scale, centralized datasets. This approach…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Mengyu Sun , Ziyuan Yang , Yongqiang Huang , Hui Yu , Yingyu Chen , Shuren Qi , Andrew Beng Jin Teoh , Yi Zhang

SplitFed Learning (SFL) combines federated learning and split learning to enable collaborative training across distributed edge devices; however, it faces significant challenges in heterogeneous environments with diverse computational and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Abdullah Al Asif , Sixing Yu , Juan Pablo Munoz , Arya Mazaheri , Ali Jannesari

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative learning of large-scale distributed clients without data sharing. However, due to the disparity of computing resources among massive mobile computing devices, the performance of traditional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Ruixuan Liu , Ming Hu , Zeke Xia , Jun Xia , Pengyu Zhang , Yihao Huang , Yang Liu , Mingsong Chen

Traditional Federated Learning (FL) methods encounter significant challenges when dealing with heterogeneous data and providing personalized solutions for non-IID scenarios. Personalized Federated Learning (PFL) approaches aim to address…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Yasaman Saadati , Mohammad Rostami , M. Hadi Amini

Learning medical visual representations from image-report pairs through joint learning has garnered increasing research attention due to its potential to alleviate the data scarcity problem in the medical domain. The primary challenges stem…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Jun Wang , Lixing Zhu , Xiaohan Yu , Abhir Bhalerao , Yulan He

Federated learning enables collaborative model training without sharing raw data, but its performance can degrade substantially under heterogeneous client data distributions. A single global model often cannot satisfy diverse client…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yunseok Kang , Jaeyoung Song

Personalized federated learning (PFL) addresses a critical challenge of collaboratively training customized models for clients with heterogeneous and scarce local data. Conventional federated learning, which relies on a single consensus…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Ke Xing , Yanjie Dong , Xiaoyi Fan , Runhao Zeng , Victor C. M. Leung , M. Jamal Deen , Xiping Hu

Exploiting deep learning in medical imaging faces critical challenges, including strict privacy constraints, heterogeneous imaging devices with varying acquisition properties, and class imbalance due to the uneven prevalence of pathologies.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Martina Pavan , Matteo Caligiuri , Francesco Barbato , Pietro Zanuttigh

Multimodal Federated Learning (MFL) enables clients with heterogeneous data modalities to collaboratively train models without sharing raw data, offering a privacy-preserving framework that leverages complementary cross-modal information.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Min Tan , Junchao Ma , Yinfu Feng , Jiajun Ding , Wenwen Pan , Tingting Han , Qian Zheng , Zhenzhong Kuang , Zhou Yu

Federated Learning (FL) in Deep Learning (DL)-automated medical image segmentation helps preserving privacy by enabling collaborative model training without sharing patient data. However, FL faces challenges with data heterogeneity among…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-22 Philip Schutte , Valentina Corbetta , Regina Beets-Tan , Wilson Silva

While deep learning models like Vision Transformer (ViT) have achieved significant advances, they typically require large datasets. With data privacy regulations, access to many original datasets is restricted, especially medical images.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Xinyuan Zhao , Yihang Wu , Ahmad Chaddad , Tareef Daqqaq , Reem Kateb

Federated learning (FL) enables multiple sites to collaboratively train powerful deep models without compromising data privacy and security. The statistical heterogeneity (e.g., non-IID data and domain shifts) is a primary obstacle in FL,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-13 Li Lin , Jiewei Wu , Yixiang Liu , Kenneth K. Y. Wong , Xiaoying Tang

Image segmentation is crucial in many computational pathology pipelines, including accurate disease diagnosis, subtyping, outcome, and survivability prediction. The common approach for training a segmentation model relies on a pre-trained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Sachin Kumar Danisetty , Alexandros Graikos , Srikar Yellapragada , Dimitris Samaras

Split Federated Learning (SplitFed) combines federated and split learning to preserve privacy while reducing client-side computation. However, in medical image segmentation, heterogeneous label quality across clients can significantly…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-13 Zahra Hafezi Kafshgari , Hadi Hadizadeh , Parvaneh Saeedi

Graph Federated Learning (GFL) enables collaborative representation learning across distributed subgraphs while preserving privacy. However, heterogeneity remains a critical challenge, as subgraphs across clients typically differ…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Wentao Yu , Bo Han , Jie Yang , Chen Gong

Federated Learning (FL) empowers multiple clients to collaboratively train machine learning models without sharing local data, making it highly applicable in heterogeneous Internet of Things (IoT) environments. However, intrinsic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Xi Chen , Qin Li , Haibin Cai , Ting Wang

In medical imaging, developing generalized segmentation models that can handle multiple organs and lesions is crucial. However, the scarcity of fully annotated datasets and strict privacy regulations present significant barriers to data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Pochuan Wang , Chen Shen , Masahiro Oda , Chiou-Shann Fuh , Kensaku Mori , Weichung Wang , Holger R. Roth

Deep learning-based methods have achieved encouraging performances in the field of magnetic resonance (MR) image reconstruction. Nevertheless, to properly learn a powerful and robust model, these methods generally require large quantities…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-18 Ruoyou Wu , Cheng Li , Juan Zou , Qiegen Liu , Hairong Zheng , Shanshan Wang