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Information foraging connects optimal foraging theory in ecology with how humans search for information. The theory suggests that, following an information scent, the information seeker must optimize the tradeoff between exploration by…
Researchers puzzle over questions as to how rare species survive extinction, and why a significant proportion of microbial taxa are dormant. Computational simulation modeling by a genetic algorithm provides some answers. First, a…
Animal groups collaborate with one another throughout their lives to better comprehend their surroundings. Here, we try to model, using continuous random walks, how the entire process of birth, reproduction, and death might impact the…
Very recently, a fundamental observable has been introduced and analyzed to quantify the exploration of random walks: the time $\tau_k$ required for a random walk to find a site that it never visited previously, when the walk has already…
A prey animal surveying its environment must decide whether there is a dangerous predator present or not. If there is, it may flee. Flight has an associated cost, so the animal should not flee if there is no danger. However, the prey animal…
This review examines intermittent target search strategies, which combine phases of slow motion, allowing the searcher to detect the target, and phases of fast motion during which targets cannot be detected. We first show that intermittent…
We present a novel model of stochastic differential equations for foraging behavior of fish schools in space including obstacles. We then study the model numerically. Three configurations of space with different locations of food resource…
We study how conditioning affects the long-term behavior of the Elephant Random Walk, focusing on its first return to the origin, namely, the time it takes to forget the training. When the walker is conditioned to be at position $n$ at time…
The model of a tired random walker, whose jump-length decays exponentially in time, is proposed and the motion of such a tired random walker is studied systematically in one, two and three dimensional contin- uum. In all cases, the…
Dormancy is a widespread adaptive strategy that enables populations to persist in fluctuating environments, yet how its benefits depend on the temporal structure of environmental variability remains unclear. We examine how dormancy…
In this paper, we introduce a variation of the elephant random walk whose steps are polynomially decaying. At each time $k$, the walker's step size is $k^{-\gamma}$ with $\gamma>0$. We investigate effects of the step size exponent $\gamma$…
Exploration and trapping properties of random walkers that may evanesce at any time as they walk have seen very little treatment in the literature, and yet a finite lifetime is a frequent occurrence, and its effects on a number of random…
Foraging in uncertain environments requires balancing the risks associated with finding alternative resources against potential gains. In aridland environments characterized by extreme variation in the amount and seasonal timing of primary…
Animals typically forage in groups. Social foraging can help animals avoid predation and decrease their uncertainty about the richness of food resources. Despite this, theoretical mechanistic models of patch foraging have overwhelmingly…
To survive in dynamic and uncertain environments, individuals must develop effective decision strategies that balance information gathering and decision commitment. Models of such strategies often prioritize either optimizing tangible…
Previous human foraging experiments have shown that human groups routinely undermatch environmental resources much like other animal species. In this experiment, we test whether humans also selectively rely on others as information sources…
In this chapter, we review recent results on the starving random walk (RW) problem, a minimal model for resource-limited exploration. Initially, each lattice site contains a single food unit, which is consumed upon visitation by the RW. The…
The survival chance of a prey chased by a predator depends not only on their relative speeds but importantly also on the local environment they have to face. For example, a wolf chasing a deer might take a long time to cross a river which…
Active particles are entities that sustain persistent out-of-equilibrium motion by consuming energy. Under certain conditions, they exhibit the tendency to self-organize through coordinated movements, such as swarming via aggregation. While…
We analyze predator-prey dynamics in one dimension in which a Brownian predator adopts a chasing strategy that consists in stochastically resetting its current position to locations previously visited by a diffusive prey. We study three…