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In this contribution, we provide a comprehensive evaluation of graph neural networks applied to Boolean satisfiability problems, accompanied by an intuitive explanation of the mechanisms enabling the model to generalize to different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-03 David Mojžíšek , Jan Hůla , Ziwei Li , Ziyu Zhou , Mikoláš Janota

Boolean satisfiability is a propositional logic problem of interest in multiple fields, e.g., physics, mathematics, and computer science. Beyond a field of research, instances of the SAT problem, as it is known, require efficient solution…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-11-13 S. R. B. Bearden , Y. R. Pei , M. Di Ventra

Boolean satisfiability (SAT) is a fundamental NP-complete problem with many applications, including automated planning and scheduling. To solve large instances, SAT solvers have to rely on heuristics, e.g., choosing a branching variable in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Mikhail Shirokikh , Ilya Shenbin , Anton Alekseev , Sergey Nikolenko

In this paper we present a new approach to solve the satisfiability problem (SAT), based on boolean networks (BN). We define a mapping between a SAT instance and a BN, and we solve SAT problem by simulating the BN dynamics. We prove that BN…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-02-01 Andrea Roli , Michela Milano

Generating diverse solutions to the Boolean Satisfiability Problem (SAT) is a hard computational problem with practical applications for testing and functional verification of software and hardware designs. We explore the way to generate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Karlis Freivalds , Sergejs Kozlovics

This paper reviews the recent literature on solving the Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT), an archetypal NP-complete problem, with the help of machine learning techniques. Despite the great success of modern SAT solvers to solve large…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Wenxuan Guo , Junchi Yan , Hui-Ling Zhen , Xijun Li , Mingxuan Yuan , Yaohui Jin

Satisfiability of boolean formulae (SAT) has been a topic of research in logic and computer science for a long time. In this paper we are interested in understanding the structure of satisfiable and unsatisfiable sentences. In previous work…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-25 Vaibhav Karve , Anil N. Hirani

The 3-Satisfiability Problem (3-SAT) is a demanding combinatorial problem, of central importance among the non-deterministic polynomial (NP) complete problems, with applications in circuit design, artificial intelligence and logistics. Even…

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have shown promising performance in solving both Boolean satisfiability (SAT) and Maximum Satisfiability (MaxSAT) problems due to their ability to efficiently model and capture the structural dependencies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Qiyue Chen , Shaolin Tan , Suixiang Gao , Jinhu Lü

Boolean satisfiability (SAT) is a propositional logic problem of determining whether an assignment of variables satisfies a Boolean formula. Many combinatorial optimization problems can be formulated in Boolean SAT logic -- either as k-SAT…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-12 Robert Simon Fong , Yanming Song , Alexander Yosifov

Boolean satisfiability (SAT) has an extensive application domain in computer science, especially in electronic design automation applications. Circuit synthesis, optimization, and verification problems can be solved by transforming original…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-03-18 Te-Hsuan Chen , Ju-Yi Lu

Boolean satisfiability ({\SAT}) has played a key role in diverse areas spanning testing, formal verification, planning, optimization, inferencing and the like. Apart from the classical problem of checking boolean satisfiability, the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-04-29 Kuldeep S. Meel

The poset cover problem seeks a minimum set of partial orders whose linear extensions cover a given set of linear orders. Recognizing its NP-completeness, we devised a non-trivial reduction to the Boolean satisfiability problem using a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Chih-Cheng Rex Yuan , Bow-Yaw Wang

Maximum Satisfiability (MaxSAT) is a well-known optimization pro- blem, with several practical applications. The most widely known MAXS AT algorithms are ineffective at solving hard problems instances from practical application domains.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-12-10 Joao Marques-Silva , Jordi Planes

The computational complexity of solving random 3-Satisfiability (3-SAT) problems is investigated. 3-SAT is a representative example of hard computational tasks; it consists in knowing whether a set of alpha N randomly drawn logical…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 Simona Cocco , Remi Monasson

In this work, we present a novel technique for GPU-accelerated Boolean satisfiability (SAT) sampling. Unlike conventional sampling algorithms that directly operate on conjunctive normal form (CNF), our method transforms the logical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Arash Ardakani , Minwoo Kang , Kevin He , Qijing Huang , John Wawrzynek

The Boolean Satisfiability (SAT) problem stands out as an attractive NP-complete problem in theoretic computer science and plays a central role in a broad spectrum of computing-related applications. Exploiting and tuning SAT solvers under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Weihuang Wen , Tianshu Yu

The Boolean Satisfiability problem (SAT), as the prototypical $\mathsf{NP}$-complete problem, is crucial in both theoretical computer science and practical applications. To address this problem, stochastic local search (SLS) algorithms,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Maximilian J. Kramer , Paul Boes , Jens Eisert

In this paper, we present a new, graph-based modeling approach and a polynomial-sized linear programming (LP) formulation of the Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT). The approach is illustrated with a numerical example.

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-10-21 Moustapha Diaby

The solution-space structure of the 3-Satisfiability Problem (3-SAT) is studied as a function of the control parameter alpha (ratio of number of clauses to the number of variables) using numerical simulations. For this purpose, one has to…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2015-05-18 Alexander Mann , A. K. Hartmann
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