English
Related papers

Related papers: VeriTrail: Closed-Domain Hallucination Detection w…

200 papers

Unsupervised hallucination detection aims to identify hallucinated content generated by large language models (LLMs) without relying on labeled data. While unsupervised methods have gained popularity by eliminating labor-intensive human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Ponhvoan Srey , Xiaobao Wu , Anh Tuan Luu

Multimodal large language models achieve strong performance across diverse tasks but remain prone to hallucinations, where outputs are not grounded in visual inputs. This issue can be attributed to two main biases: text-visual bias, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Shan Wang , Maying Shen , Nadine Chang , Chuong Nguyen , Hongdong Li , Jose M. Alvarez

Large Language Models (LLMs) frequently generate hallucinated content, posing significant challenges for applications where factuality is crucial. While existing hallucination detection methods typically operate at the sentence level or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Albert Sawczyn , Jakub Binkowski , Denis Janiak , Bogdan Gabrys , Tomasz Kajdanowicz

Discharge summaries require extracting critical information from lengthy electronic health records (EHRs), a process that is labor-intensive when performed manually. Large language models (LLMs) can improve generation efficiency; however,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Severin Ye , Xiao Kong , Xiaopeng He , Guangsu Yan , Dongsuk Oh

Faithfulness hallucinations in VQA occur when vision-language models produce fluent yet visually ungrounded answers, severely undermining their reliability in safety-critical applications. Existing detection methods mainly fall into two…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Chaodong Tong , Qi Zhang , Chen Li , Lei Jiang , Yanbing Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved unprecedented fluency but remain susceptible to "hallucinations" - the generation of factually incorrect or ungrounded content. This limitation is particularly critical in high-stakes domains where…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Md. Asraful Haque , Aasar Mehdi , Maaz Mahboob , Tamkeen Fatima

The reliability of Large Language Models (LLMs) in high-stakes domains such as healthcare, law, and scientific discovery is often compromised by hallucinations. These failures typically stem from two sources: data-driven hallucinations and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Xinyue Zeng , Junhong Lin , Yujun Yan , Feng Guo , Liang Shi , Jun Wu , Dawei Zhou

The surge in applications of large language models (LLMs) has prompted concerns about the generation of misleading or fabricated information, known as hallucinations. Therefore, detecting hallucinations has become critical to maintaining…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Xuefeng Du , Chaowei Xiao , Yixuan Li

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems remain susceptible to hallucinations despite grounding in retrieved evidence. While current detection methods leverage embedding similarity and natural language inference (NLI), their reliability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Debu Sinha

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) integrates external knowledge to mitigate hallucinations, yet models often generate outputs inconsistent with retrieved content. Accurate hallucination detection requires disentangling the contributions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Likun Tan , Kuan-Wei Huang , Joy Shi , Kevin Wu

Getting access to labelled datasets in certain sensitive application domains can be challenging. Hence, one often resorts to transfer learning to transfer knowledge learned from a source domain with sufficient labelled data to a target…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-20 Zhuoran Ma , Jianfeng Ma , Yinbin Miao , Ximeng Liu , Wei Zheng , Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo , Robert H. Deng

Hallucination, a phenomenon where large language models (LLMs) produce output that is factually incorrect or unrelated to the input, is a major challenge for LLM applications that require accuracy and dependability. In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Song Wang , Xun Wang , Jie Mei , Yujia Xie , Sean Muarray , Zhang Li , Lingfeng Wu , Si-Qing Chen , Wayne Xiong

Since the introduction of ChatGPT, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant utility in various tasks, such as answering questions through retrieval-augmented generation. Context can be retrieved using a vectorized…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Ming Cheung

Large language models (LLMs) hallucinate: they produce fluent outputs that are factually incorrect. We present a geometric dynamical systems framework in which hallucinations arise from task-dependent basin structure in latent space. Using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Kalyan Cherukuri , Lav R. Varshney

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable human-level natural language generation capabilities. However, their potential to generate misinformation, often called the hallucination problem, poses a significant risk to their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Sehyun Choi , Tianqing Fang , Zhaowei Wang , Yangqiu Song

Hallucinations pose a significant challenge to the reliability of large vision-language models, making their detection essential for ensuring accuracy in critical applications. Current detection methods often rely on computationally…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Eunkyu Park , Minyeong Kim , Gunhee Kim

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional capabilities, yet still face the hallucination issue. Typical text generation approaches adopt an auto-regressive generation without deliberate reasoning, which often results in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Xiaoxue Cheng , Junyi Li , Wayne Xin Zhao , Ji-Rong Wen

We present MedHal, a novel large-scale dataset specifically designed to evaluate if models can detect hallucinations in medical texts. Current hallucination detection methods face significant limitations when applied to specialized domains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Gaya Mehenni , Fabrice Lamarche , Odette Rios-Ibacache , John Kildea , Amal Zouaq

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have unlocked powerful cross-modal capabilities, but still significantly suffer from hallucinations. As such, accurate detection of hallucinations in MLLMs is imperative for ensuring their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Pinxue Guo , Chongruo Wu , Xinyu Zhou , Lingyi Hong , Zhaoyu Chen , Jinglun Li , Kaixun Jiang , Sen-ching Samson Cheung , Wei Zhang , Wenqiang Zhang

Detecting content that contradicts or is unsupported by a given source text is a critical challenge for the safe deployment of generative language models. We introduce HALT-RAG, a post-hoc verification system designed to identify…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Saumya Goswami , Siddharth Kurra