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The Semantic Table Annotation (STA) task, which includes Column Type Annotation (CTA) and Cell Entity Annotation (CEA), maps table contents to ontology entities and plays important roles in various semantic applications. However, complex…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Yilin Geng , Shujing Wang , Chuan Wang , Keqing He , Yanfei Lv , Ying Wang , Zaiwen Feng , Xiaoying Bai

Medical coding converts free-text clinical notes into standardized diagnostic and procedural codes, which are essential for billing, hospital operations, and medical research. Unlike ordinary text classification, it requires multi-step…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Jiyang Zheng , Islam Nassar , Thanh Vu , Xu Zhong , Yang Lin , Tongliang Liu , Long Duong , Yuan-Fang Li

Large language models (LLMs) have moved far beyond their initial form as simple chatbots, now carrying out complex reasoning, planning, writing, coding, and research tasks. These skills overlap significantly with those that human scientists…

Adapting production-level computer vision tools to bespoke scientific datasets is a critical "last mile" bottleneck. Current solutions are impractical: fine-tuning requires large annotated datasets scientists often lack, while manual code…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Xuefei , Wang , Kai A. Horstmann , Ethan Lin , Jonathan Chen , Alexander R. Farhang , Sophia Stiles , Atharva Sehgal , Jonathan Light , David Van Valen , Yisong Yue , Jennifer J. Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities in the hierarchical decomposition of complex tasks through semantic reasoning. However, their application in embodied systems faces challenges in ensuring reliable execution of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Mingcong Lei , Ge Wang , Yiming Zhao , Zhixin Mai , Qing Zhao , Yao Guo , Zhen Li , Shuguang Cui , Yatong Han , Jinke Ren

Artificial intelligence systems for scientific discovery have demonstrated remarkable potential, yet existing approaches remain largely proprietary and operate in batch-processing modes requiring hours per research cycle, precluding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Lukas Weidener , Marko Brkić , Mihailo Jovanović , Ritvik Singh , Chiara Baccin , Emre Ulgac , Alex Dobrin , Aakaash Meduri

Drug discovery frequently loses momentum when data, expertise, and tools are scattered, slowing design cycles. To shorten this loop we built a hierarchical, tool using agent framework that automates molecular optimisation. A Principal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Atabey Ünlü , Phil Rohr , Ahmet Celebi

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become ubiquitous across various scientific domains, their lack of ability to perform complex tasks like running simulations or to make complex decisions limits their utility. LLM-based agents bridge this gap…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Anurag Acharya , Timothy Vega , Rizwan A. Ashraf , Anshu Sharma , Derek Parker , Robert Rallo

Long-horizon tool-using tasks sometimes benefit from revisiting earlier subtasks for recovery and exploration, but added multi-agent workflow flexibility can also introduce coordination overhead and substantial inference cost. We study…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Luay Gharzeddine , Samer Saab

Computational drug discovery, particularly the complex workflows of drug molecule screening and optimization, requires orchestrating dozens of specialized tools in multi-step workflows, yet current AI agents struggle to maintain robust…

Security Operations Centers (SOCs) are overwhelmed by tens of thousands of daily alerts, with only a small fraction corresponding to genuine attacks. This overload creates alert fatigue, leading to overlooked threats and analyst burnout.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Bowen Wei , Yuan Shen Tay , Howard Liu , Jinhao Pan , Kun Luo , Ziwei Zhu , Chris Jordan

Agentic AI enables LLM to dynamically reason, plan, and interact with tools to solve complex tasks. However, agentic workflows often require many iterative reasoning steps and tool invocations, leading to significant operational expense,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Sami Abuzakuk , Anne-Marie Kermarrec , Rishi Sharma , Rasmus Moorits Veski , Martijn de Vos

There has been unprecedented interest in developing agents that expand the boundary of scientific discovery, primarily by optimizing quantitative objective functions specified by scientists. However, for grand challenges in science, these…

Resolving real-world software engineering (SWE) issues with autonomous agents requires complex, long-horizon reasoning. Current pipelines are bottlenecked by unoptimized demonstration data, sparse execution rewards, and computationally…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Hao Han , Jin Xie , Xuehao Ma , Weiquan Zhu , Ziyao Zhang , ZhiLiang Long , Hongkai Chen , Qingwen Ye

Evaluating large language models (LLM) in clinical scenarios is crucial to assessing their potential clinical utility. Existing benchmarks rely heavily on static question-answering, which does not accurately depict the complex, sequential…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Samuel Schmidgall , Rojin Ziaei , Carl Harris , Eduardo Reis , Jeffrey Jopling , Michael Moor

Translating statistical methods into reliable software is a persistent bottleneck in quantitative research. Existing AI code-generation tools produce code quickly but cannot guarantee faithful implementation -- a critical requirement for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Tianzhu Qin , Yiqing Xu

HRA (Human Reliability Analysis) data is crucial for advancing HRA methodologies. however, existing data collection methods lack the necessary granularity, and most approaches fail to capture dynamic features. Additionally, many methods…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Xingyu Xiao , Peng Chen , Qianqian Jia , Jiejuan Tong , Jingang Liang , Haitao Wang

Reinforcement learning (RL) is increasingly used to improve the reasoning, coding, and tool-use capabilities of large language models, but agentic RL remains prohibitively expensive. Scaling RL to agentic LLMs requires supporting complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Haizhong Zheng , Yizhuo Di , Jiahui Wang , Shuowei Jin , Xueshen Liu , Yongji Wu , Z. Morley Mao , Ion Stoica , Jiawei Zhao , Beidi Chen

AI coding assistants like GitHub Copilot are rapidly transforming software development, but their safety remains deeply uncertain-especially in high-stakes domains like cybersecurity. Current red-teaming tools often rely on fixed benchmarks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Xiangzhe Xu , Guangyu Shen , Zian Su , Siyuan Cheng , Hanxi Guo , Lu Yan , Xuan Chen , Jiasheng Jiang , Xiaolong Jin , Chengpeng Wang , Zhuo Zhang , Xiangyu Zhang

The design and development of effective drug formulations is a critical process in pharmaceutical research, particularly for small molecule active pharmaceutical ingredients. This paper introduces a novel agentic preformulation pathway…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-03-24 Julius Lange , Leonid Komissarov , Nicole Wyttenbach , Andrea Anelli