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Related papers: OVERT: A Benchmark for Over-Refusal Evaluation on …

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Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a wide range of tasks, yet they often refuse to answer legitimate queries--a phenomenon known as overrefusal. Overrefusal typically stems from over-conservative…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Licheng Pan , Yongqi Tong , Xin Zhang , Xiaolu Zhang , Jun Zhou , Zhixuan Chu

Despite remarkable progress in Text-to-Image models, many real-world applications require generating coherent image sets with diverse consistency requirements. Existing consistent methods often focus on a specific domain with specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Chengyou Jia , Xin Shen , Zhuohang Dang , Zhuohang Dang , Changliang Xia , Weijia Wu , Xinyu Zhang , Hangwei Qian , Ivor W. Tsang , Minnan Luo

Text-to-Image (T2I) diffusion models are widely recognized for their ability to generate high-quality and diverse images based on text prompts. However, despite recent advances, these models are still prone to generating unsafe images…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Jiangweizhi Peng , Zhiwei Tang , Gaowen Liu , Charles Fleming , Mingyi Hong

Text-to-image (T2I) models can generate not-safe-for-work (NSFW) content, motivating multi-stage safety pipelines with both text and image filters. Newer LLM-based filters detect latent intent beyond keywords, making token-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Zixuan Chen , Hao Lin , Ke Xu , Xinghao Jiang , Tanfeng Sun

Text-to-image (T2I) models today are capable of producing photorealistic, instruction-following images, yet they still frequently fail on prompts that require implicit world knowledge. Existing evaluation protocols either emphasize…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Tianyang Han , Junhao Su , Junjie Hu , Peizhen Yang , Hengyu Shi , Junfeng Luo , Jialin Gao

Continual post-training adapts a single text-to-image diffusion model to learn new tasks without incurring the cost of separate models, but naive post-training causes forgetting of pretrained knowledge and undermines zero-shot…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Zhehao Huang , Yuhang Liu , Yixin Lou , Zhengbao He , Mingzhen He , Wenxing Zhou , Tao Li , Kehan Li , Zeyi Huang , Xiaolin Huang

In recent years, text-to-image (T2I) generation models have made significant progress in generating high-quality images that align with text descriptions. However, these models also face the risk of unsafe generation, potentially producing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Huming Qiu , Guanxu Chen , Mi Zhang , Xiaohan Zhang , Xiaoyu You , Min Yang

Text-guided image manipulation with diffusion models enables flexible and precise editing based on prompts, but raises ethical and copyright concerns due to potential unauthorized modifications. To address this, we propose SecureT2I, a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Xiaodong Wu , Xiangman Li , Qi Li , Jianbing Ni , Rongxing Lu

Recent advancements in Text-to-Image (T2I) models have raised significant safety concerns about their potential misuse for generating inappropriate or Not-Safe-For-Work (NSFW) contents, despite existing countermeasures such as NSFW…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Yijun Yang , Ruiyuan Gao , Xiao Yang , Jianyuan Zhong , Qiang Xu

Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly exhibit over-refusal - erroneously rejecting benign queries due to overly conservative safety measures - a critical functional flaw that undermines their reliability and usability. Current methods…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Haonan Zhang , Dongxia Wang , Yi Liu , Kexin Chen , Jiashui Wang , Xinlei Ying , Long Liu , Wenhai Wang

With the rise of text-to-image (T2I) generative AI models reaching wide audiences, it is critical to evaluate model robustness against non-obvious attacks to mitigate the generation of offensive images. By focusing on ``implicitly…

Text-to-Image (T2I) models have recently achieved remarkable success in generating images from textual descriptions. However, challenges still persist in accurately rendering complex scenes where actions and interactions form the primary…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Vatsal Malaviya , Agneet Chatterjee , Maitreya Patel , Yezhou Yang , Chitta Baral

Fine-tuning text-to-image models with reward functions trained on human feedback data has proven effective for aligning model behavior with human intent. However, excessive optimization with such reward models, which serve as mere proxy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Kyuyoung Kim , Jongheon Jeong , Minyong An , Mohammad Ghavamzadeh , Krishnamurthy Dvijotham , Jinwoo Shin , Kimin Lee

Current text-to-image (T2I) benchmarks evaluate models on rigid prompts, potentially underestimating true generative capabilities due to prompt sensitivity and creating biases that favor certain models while disadvantaging others. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Haosheng Gan , Berk Tinaz , Mohammad Shahab Sepehri , Zalan Fabian , Mahdi Soltanolkotabi

Uncertainty quantification in text-to-image (T2I) generative models is crucial for understanding model behavior and improving output reliability. In this paper, we are the first to quantify and evaluate the uncertainty of T2I models with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Gianni Franchi , Dat Nguyen Trong , Nacim Belkhir , Guoxuan Xia , Andrea Pilzer

We investigate a general approach for improving user prompts in text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models by finding prompts that maximize a reward function specified at test-time. Although diverse reward models are used for evaluating image…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Semin Kim , Yeonwoo Cha , Jaehoon Yoo , Seunghoon Hong

Generative image models produce striking visuals yet often misrepresent culture. Prior work has examined cultural bias mainly in text-to-image (T2I) systems, leaving image-to-image (I2I) editors underexplored. We bridge this gap with a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Huichan Seo , Sieun Choi , Minki Hong , Yi Zhou , Junseo Kim , Lukman Ismaila , Naome Etori , Mehul Agarwal , Zhixuan Liu , Jihie Kim , Jean Oh

Recent advancements in text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in generating high-fidelity images. However, these models often struggle to faithfully render complex user prompts, particularly in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Linqing Wang , Ximing Xing , Yiji Cheng , Zhiyuan Zhao , Donghao Li , Tiankai Hang , Jiale Tao , Qixun Wang , Ruihuang Li , Comi Chen , Xin Li , Mingrui Wu , Xinchi Deng , Shuyang Gu , Chunyu Wang , Qinglin Lu

Text-to-Image (TTI) generative models have shown great progress in the past few years in terms of their ability to generate complex and high-quality imagery. At the same time, these models have been shown to suffer from harmful biases,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Aditya Chinchure , Pushkar Shukla , Gaurav Bhatt , Kiri Salij , Kartik Hosanagar , Leonid Sigal , Matthew Turk

In recent years, fueled by the rapid advancement of diffusion models, text-to-video (T2V) generation models have achieved remarkable progress, with notable examples including Pika, Luma, Kling, and Open-Sora. Although these models exhibit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Jiayang Liu , Siyuan Liang , Shiqian Zhao , Rongcheng Tu , Wenbo Zhou , Aishan Liu , Dacheng Tao , Siew Kei Lam