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We have developed a framework to reliably build agents capable of UI navigation. The state space is simplified from raw-pixels to a set of UI elements extracted from screen understanding, such as OCR and icon detection. The action space is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Wei Li

Self-supervised learning and data augmentation have significantly reduced the performance gap between state and image-based reinforcement learning agents in continuous control tasks. However, it is still unclear whether current techniques…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Jake Grigsby , Yanjun Qi

GUI grounding, which maps natural-language instructions to actionable UI elements, is a core capability of GUI agents. Prior works largely treats instructions as a static proxy for user intent, overlooking the impact of instruction…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Liangyu Chen , Hanzhang Zhou , Chenglin Cai , Jianan Zhang , Panrong Tong , Quyu Kong , Xu Zhang , Chen Liu , Yuqi Liu , Wenxuan Wang , Yue Wang , Qin Jin , Steven Hoi

Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents have made significant progress in automating digital tasks through the utilization of computer vision and language models. Nevertheless, existing agent systems encounter notable limitations. Firstly,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Jinjie Wei , Jiyao Liu , Lihao Liu , Ming Hu , Junzhi Ning , Mingcheng Li , Weijie Yin , Junjun He , Xiao Liang , Chao Feng , Dingkang Yang

Building agents that autonomously operate mobile devices has attracted increasing attention. While Vision-Language Models (VLMs) show promise, most existing approaches rely on direct state-to-action mappings, which lack structured reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Zhe Wu , Hongjin Lu , Junliang Xing , Changhao Zhang , Yuxuan Li , Yin Zhu , Yuhao Yang , Yuheng Jing , Kai Li , Kun Shao , Jianye Hao , Jun Wang , Yuanchun Shi

Autonomous inspection in hazardous environments requires AI agents that can interpret high-level goals and execute precise control. A key capability for such agents is spatial grounding, for example when a drone must center a detected…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Xian Yeow Lee , Lasitha Vidyaratne , Gregory Sin , Ahmed Farahat , Chetan Gupta

In recent years, we have witnessed increasingly high performance in the field of autonomous end-to-end driving. In particular, more and more research is being done on driving in urban environments, where the car has to follow high level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Florence Carton , David Filliat , Jaonary Rabarisoa , Quoc Cuong Pham

Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents have made substantial strides in understanding and executing user instructions across diverse platforms. Yet, grounding these instructions to precise interface elements remains challenging, especially…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Xinbin Yuan , Jian Zhang , Kaixin Li , Zhuoxuan Cai , Lujian Yao , Jie Chen , Enguang Wang , Qibin Hou , Jinwei Chen , Peng-Tao Jiang , Bo Li

Mobile Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents aim to autonomously complete tasks within or across apps based on user instructions. While recent Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) enable these agents to interpret UI screens and perform…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Linqiang Guo , Wei Liu , Yi Wen Heng , Tse-Hsun , Chen , Yang Wang

Distributed learning is essential to train machine learning algorithms across heterogeneous agents while maintaining data privacy. We conduct an asymptotic analysis of Unified Distributed SGD (UD-SGD), exploring a variety of communication…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Jie Hu , Yi-Ting Ma , Do Young Eun

Vision guided navigation requires processing complex visual information to inform task-orientated decisions. Applications include autonomous robots, self-driving cars, and assistive vision for humans. A key element is the extraction and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Jaime Ruiz-Serra , Jack White , Stephen Petrie , Tatiana Kameneva , Chris McCarthy

We introduce the Agent GPA (Goal-Plan-Action) framework, driven by the fundamental insight that critical agent failures emerge at the intersections of setting goals, devising plans, and executing actions. We operationalize the framework…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Allison Sihan Jia , Daniel Huang , Nikhil Vytla , Seung Won Wilson Yoo , Nirvika Choudhury , Shayak Sen , John C. Mitchell , Anupam Datta

We show that domain-general automatic evaluators can significantly improve the performance of agents for web navigation and device control. We experiment with multiple evaluation models that trade off between inference cost, modularity of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Jiayi Pan , Yichi Zhang , Nicholas Tomlin , Yifei Zhou , Sergey Levine , Alane Suhr

Large Language Models (LLMs) show promise as data analysis agents, but existing benchmarks overlook the iterative nature of the field, where experts' decisions evolve with deeper insights of the dataset. To address this, we introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Hanyu Li , Haoyu Liu , Tingyu Zhu , Tianyu Guo , Zeyu Zheng , Xiaotie Deng , Michael I. Jordan

Efficient communication can enhance the overall performance of collaborative multi-agent reinforcement learning. A common approach is to share observations through full communication, leading to significant communication overhead. Existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Dongkun Huo , Huateng Zhang , Yixue Hao , Yuanlin Ye , Long Hu , Rui Wang , Min Chen

Autonomous agents that control computer interfaces to accomplish human tasks are emerging. Leveraging LLMs to power such agents has been of special interest, but unless fine-tuned on human-collected task demonstrations, performance is still…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Wei Li , William Bishop , Alice Li , Chris Rawles , Folawiyo Campbell-Ajala , Divya Tyamagundlu , Oriana Riva

Large language models and autonomous agents are increasingly explored for EDA automation, but many existing integrations still rely on script-level or request-level interactions, which makes it difficult to preserve tool state and support…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Zhengrui Chen , Zixuan Song , Yu Li , Qi Sun , Cheng Zhuo

Computer Use Agents (CUAs) fundamentally rely on graphical user interface (GUI) grounding to translate language instructions into executable screen actions, but editing-level grounding in dense coding interfaces (such as VS Code and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Himangi Mittal , Gaurav Mittal , Nelson Daniel Troncoso , Yu Hu

Recent advances in deep reinforcement learning in the paradigm of locomotion using continuous control have raised the interest of game makers for the potential of digital actors using active ragdoll. Currently, the available options to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Joe Booth , Jackson Booth

Multi-agent collaboration has emerged as a pivotal paradigm for addressing complex, distributed tasks in large language model (LLM)-driven applications. While prior research has focused on high-level architectural frameworks, the granular…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Haochun Wang , Sendong Zhao , Jingbo Wang , Zewen Qiang , Bing Qin , Ting Liu