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The transfer-based black-box adversarial attack setting poses the challenge of crafting an adversarial example (AE) on known surrogate models that remain effective against unseen target models. Due to the practical importance of this task,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Meixi Zheng , Kehan Wu , Yanbo Fan , Rui Huang , Baoyuan Wu

While neural machine translation (NMT) models achieve success in our daily lives, they show vulnerability to adversarial attacks. Despite being harmful, these attacks also offer benefits for interpreting and enhancing NMT models, thus…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Yanni Xue , Haojie Hao , Jiakai Wang , Qiang Sheng , Renshuai Tao , Yu Liang , Pu Feng , Xianglong Liu

In this paper, we propose a novel transfer-based targeted attack method that optimizes the adversarial perturbations without any extra training efforts for auxiliary networks on training data. Our new attack method is proposed based on the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Zhipeng Wei , Jingjing Chen , Zuxuan Wu , Yu-Gang Jiang

This paper addresses the challenging black-box adversarial attack problem, where only classification confidence of a victim model is available. Inspired by consistency of visual saliency between different vision models, a surrogate model is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Jiancheng Yang , Yangzhou Jiang , Xiaoyang Huang , Bingbing Ni , Chenglong Zhao

The so-called Forward-Forward Algorithm (FFA) has recently gained momentum as an alternative to the conventional back-propagation algorithm for neural network learning, yielding competitive performance across various modeling tasks. By…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Erik B. Terres-Escudero , Javier Del Ser , Pablo Garcia Bringas

With the development of adversarial attacks, adversairal examples have been widely used to enhance the robustness of the training models on deep neural networks. Although considerable efforts of adversarial attacks on improving the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Xiangyuan Yang , Jie Lin , Hanlin Zhang , Xinyu Yang , Peng Zhao

Segmentation models exhibit significant vulnerability to adversarial examples in white-box settings, but existing adversarial attack methods often show poor transferability across different segmentation models. While some researchers have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Yufei Song , Ziqi Zhou , Qi Lu , Hangtao Zhang , Yifan Hu , Lulu Xue , Shengshan Hu , Minghui Li , Leo Yu Zhang

Breakthroughs in unsupervised domain adaptation (uDA) can help in adapting models from a label-rich source domain to unlabeled target domains. Despite these advancements, there is a lack of research on how uDA algorithms, particularly those…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Shaoduo Gan , Akhil Mathur , Anton Isopoussu , Fahim Kawsar , Nadia Berthouze , Nicholas Lane

Unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) involves a supervised loss in a labeled source domain and an unsupervised loss in an unlabeled target domain, which often faces more severe overfitting (than classical supervised learning) as the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Jiaxing Huang , Dayan Guan , Aoran Xiao , Shijian Lu

Domain shift, characterized by degraded model performance during transition from labeled source domains to unlabeled target domains, poses a persistent challenge for deploying deep learning systems. Current unsupervised domain adaptation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Zhitong Cheng , Yiran Jiang , Yulong Ge , Yufeng Li , Zhongheng Qin , Rongzhi Lin , Jianwei Ma

This work investigates efficient score-based black-box adversarial attacks that achieve a high Attack Success Rate (ASR) and good generalization ability. We propose a novel attack framework, termed DifAttack++, which operates in a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Jun Liu , Jiantao Zhou , Jiandian Zeng , Jinyu Tian , Isao Echizen

Adversarial patch is an important form of real-world adversarial attack that brings serious risks to the robustness of deep neural networks. Previous methods generate adversarial patches by either optimizing their perturbation values while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-27 Xingxing Wei , Ying Guo , Jie Yu , Bo Zhang

The emergence of deep learning models has revolutionized various industries over the last decade, leading to a surge in connected devices and infrastructures. However, these models can be tricked into making incorrect predictions with high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Pooja Krishan , Rohan Mohapatra , Sanchari Das , Saptarshi Sengupta

Face Recognition (FR) models have been shown to be vulnerable to adversarial examples that subtly alter benign facial images, exposing blind spots in these systems, as well as protecting user privacy. End-to-end FR systems first obtain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Roland Croft , Brian Du , Darcy Joseph , Sharath Kumar

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) remain vulnerable to transferable adversarial examples. While existing methods typically achieve targeted attacks by aligning global features-such as CLIP's [CLS] token-between adversarial and target…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Xiaojun Jia , Sensen Gao , Simeng Qin , Tianyu Pang , Chao Du , Yihao Huang , Xinfeng Li , Yiming Li , Bo Li , Yang Liu

Traditional distributed backdoor attacks (DBA) in federated learning improve stealthiness by decomposing global triggers into sub-triggers, which however requires more poisoned data to maintian the attck strength and hence increases the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Jian Wang , Hong Shen , Chan-Tong Lam

Vision-language pre-training (VLP) models have shown vulnerability to adversarial examples in multimodal tasks. Furthermore, malicious adversaries can be deliberately transferred to attack other black-box models. However, existing work has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Dong Lu , Zhiqiang Wang , Teng Wang , Weili Guan , Hongchang Gao , Feng Zheng

Recent progress in remote sensing image (RSI) super-resolution (SR) has exhibited remarkable performance using deep neural networks, e.g., Convolutional Neural Networks and Transformers. However, existing SR methods often suffer from either…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Yi Xiao , Qiangqiang Yuan , Kui Jiang , Yuzeng Chen , Qiang Zhang , Chia-Wen Lin

Deep neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial examples, which can mislead classifiers by adding imperceptible perturbations. An intriguing property of adversarial examples is their good transferability, making black-box attacks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-08 Yinpeng Dong , Tianyu Pang , Hang Su , Jun Zhu

A fitness assignment process transforms the features (such as the objective value) of a candidate solution to a scalar fitness, which then is the basis for selection. Under Frequency Fitness Assignment (FFA), the fitness corresponding to an…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Thomas Weise , Zhize Wu , Xinlu Li , Yan Chen , Jörg Lässig