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Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and quantum computing are accelerating automation in scientific and engineering processes, fundamentally reshaping research methodologies. This perspective highlights parallels between…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-16 Tadashi Kadowaki

The review analyzes the fundamental principles which Artificial Intelligence should be based on in order to imitate the realistic process of taking decisions by humans experiencing emotions. Two approaches are compared, one based on quantum…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-24 V. I. Yukalov

Quantum Artificial Intelligence (QAI) is the intersection of quantum computing and AI, a technological synergy with expected significant benefits for both. In this paper, we provide a brief overview of what has been achieved in QAI so far…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-21 Matthias Klusch , Jörg Lässig , Daniel Müssig , Antonio Macaluso , Frank K. Wilhelm

In this paper, I propose a project of enlisting quantum information science as a source of task-oriented axioms for use in the investigation of operational theories in a general framework capable of encompassing quantum mechanics, classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Howard Barnum

Quantum machine learning consists in taking advantage of quantum computations to generate classical data. A potential application of quantum machine learning is to harness the power of quantum computers for generating classical data, a…

In this thesis I present a short review of ideas in quantum information theory. The first chapter contains introductory material, sketching the central ideas of probability and information theory. Quantum mechanics is presented at the level…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Robert H. Schumann

Quantum computing offers new ways to explore the theory of computation via the laws of quantum mechanics. Due to the rising demand for quantum computing resources, there is growing interest in developing cloud-based quantum resource sharing…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Irwindeep Singh , Sukhpal Singh Gill , Jinzhao Sun , Jan Mol

This article develops a convex description of a classical or quantum learner's or agent's state of knowledge about its environment, presented as a convex subset of a commutative R-algebra. With caveats, this leads to a generalization of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-12 Duyal Yolcu

Mission critical (MC) applications such as defense operations, energy management, cybersecurity, and aerospace control require reliable, deterministic, and low-latency decision making under uncertainty. Although the classical Artificial…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Siva Sai , Rajkumar Buyya

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in generating fluent and contextually appropriate text; however, their capacity to produce genuinely creative outputs remains limited. This paper posits that this limitation…

Quantum information theory is the study of the achievable limits of information processing within quantum mechanics. Many different types of information can be accommodated within quantum mechanics, including classical information, coherent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. A. Nielsen

Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) has been a long-standing goal of humanity, with the aim of creating machines capable of performing any intellectual task that humans can do. To achieve this, AGI researchers draw inspiration from the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-29 Lin Zhao , Lu Zhang , Zihao Wu , Yuzhong Chen , Haixing Dai , Xiaowei Yu , Zhengliang Liu , Tuo Zhang , Xintao Hu , Xi Jiang , Xiang Li , Dajiang Zhu , Dinggang Shen , Tianming Liu

This work presents a comprehensive overview of variational quantum computing and their key role in advancing quantum simulation. This work explores the simulation of quantum systems and sets itself apart from approaches centered on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-04 Lucas Q. Galvão , Anna Beatriz M. de Souza , Marcelo A. Moret , Clebson Cruz

Quantum machine learning explores the interplay between machine learning and quantum physics, which may lead to unprecedented perspectives for both fields. In fact, recent works have shown strong evidences that quantum computers could…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-08 Weiyuan Gong , Dong-Ling Deng

Many state-of-the-art reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms typically assume that the environment is an ergodic Markov Decision Process (MDP). In contrast, the field of universal reinforcement learning (URL) is concerned with algorithms…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-05-31 John Aslanides , Jan Leike , Marcus Hutter

Reinforcement learning studies how an agent should interact with an environment to maximize its cumulative reward. A standard way to study this question abstractly is to ask how many samples an agent needs from the environment to learn an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-21 Daochen Wang , Aarthi Sundaram , Robin Kothari , Ashish Kapoor , Martin Roetteler

In this research, we extend the universal reinforcement learning (URL) agent models of artificial general intelligence to quantum environments. The utility function of a classical exploratory stochastic Knowledge Seeking Agent, KL-KSA, is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-08 Aritra Sarkar , Zaid Al-Ars , Harshitta Gandhi , Koen Bertels

We consider a general class of models, where a reinforcement learning (RL) agent learns from cyclic interactions with an external environment via classical signals. Perceptual inputs are encoded as quantum states, which are subsequently…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-14 Jens Clausen , Hans J. Briegel

There exist several phenomena (systems) breaking the classical probability laws. Such systems are contextual dependent adaptive systems. In this paper, we present a new mathematical formula to compute the probability in those systems by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-05-25 Masanari Asano , Irina Basieva , Andrei Khrennikov , Masanori Ohya , Ichiro Yamato