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The primary challenge in deploying Large Language Model (LLM) is ensuring its harmlessness. Red team can identify vulnerabilities by attacking LLM to attain safety. However, current efforts heavily rely on single-round prompt designs and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Chengdong Ma , Ziran Yang , Hai Ci , Jun Gao , Minquan Gao , Xuehai Pan , Yaodong Yang

Text-to-image models are powerful for producing high-quality images based on given text prompts, but crafting these prompts often requires specialized vocabulary. To address this, existing methods train rewriting models with supervision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Hongji Yang , Yucheng Zhou , Wencheng Han , Jianbing Shen

Text-to-Image (T2I) diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in image generation. Despite their progress, challenges remain in both prompt-following ability, image quality and lack of high-quality datasets, which are essential for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Jingkun An , Yinghao Zhu , Zongjian Li , Enshen Zhou , Haoran Feng , Xijie Huang , Bohua Chen , Yemin Shi , Chengwei Pan

Cooperative perception among autonomous agents overcomes the limitations of single-agent sensing, but bandwidth constraints in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) networks require efficient communication policies. Existing approaches rely on…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Aayam Bansal , Ishaan Gangwani

Recent text-guided image editing (TIE) models have achieved remarkable progress, however, many edited results still suffer from artifacts, unintended modifications, and suboptimal aesthetics. Although several benchmarks and evaluation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Honghua Chen , Zitong Xu , Huiyu Duan , Xinyun Zhang , Xiongkuo Min , Guangtao Zhai

We stress test monitoring systems for detecting covert misbehavior in autonomous LLM agents (e.g., secretly sharing private information). To this end, we systematize a monitor red teaming (MRT) workflow that incorporates: (1) varying levels…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Neil Kale , Chen Bo Calvin Zhang , Kevin Zhu , Ankit Aich , Paula Rodriguez , Scale Red Team , Christina Q. Knight , Zifan Wang

As LLMs gain persuasive capabilities through extended dialogues, they create new opportunities for studying adversarial conversational behavior in extended interaction settings that traditional single-turn safety evaluations fail to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Xiangzhe Yuan , Zhenhao Zhang , Haoming Tang , Siying Hu

Current text-to-image (T2I) models often fail to account for diverse human experiences, leading to misaligned systems. We advocate for pluralistic alignment, where an AI understands and is steerable towards diverse, and often conflicting,…

Text-to-image (T2I) models are increasingly popular, producing a large share of AI-generated images online. To compare model quality, voting-based leaderboards have become the standard, relying on anonymized model outputs for fairness. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Ali Naseh , Yuefeng Peng , Anshuman Suri , Harsh Chaudhari , Alina Oprea , Amir Houmansadr

Large language models (LLMs) excel in diverse applications but face dual challenges: generating harmful content under jailbreak attacks and over-refusal of benign queries due to rigid safety mechanisms. These issues are further complicated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Yifan Xia , Guorui Chen , Wenqian Yu , Zhijiang Li , Philip Torr , Jindong Gu

Red teaming has evolved from its origins in military applications to become a widely adopted methodology in cybersecurity and AI. In this paper, we take a critical look at the practice of AI red teaming. We argue that despite its current…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Subhabrata Majumdar , Brian Pendleton , Abhishek Gupta

As artificial intelligence (AI) assistants become more widely adopted in safety-critical domains, it becomes important to develop safeguards against potential failures or adversarial attacks. A key prerequisite to developing these…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Abed Kareem Musaffar , Anand Gokhale , Sirui Zeng , Rasta Tadayon , Xifeng Yan , Ambuj Singh , Francesco Bullo

The advancements in the domain of LLMs in recent years have surprised many, showcasing their remarkable capabilities and diverse applications. Their potential applications in various real-world scenarios have led to significant research on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Sujith Vemishetty , Advitiya Arora , Anupama Sharma

Text-to-Image (T2I) models have raised security concerns due to their potential to generate inappropriate or harmful images. In this paper, we propose UPAM, a novel framework that investigates the robustness of T2I models from the attack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Duo Peng , Qiuhong Ke , Jun Liu

Text-to-Image (T2I) models have made significant advancements in recent years, but they still struggle to accurately capture intricate details specified in complex compositional prompts. While fine-tuning T2I models with reward objectives…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Luca Eyring , Shyamgopal Karthik , Karsten Roth , Alexey Dosovitskiy , Zeynep Akata

Deploying large language models (LMs) can pose hazards from harmful outputs such as toxic or false text. Prior work has introduced automated tools that elicit harmful outputs to identify these risks. While this is a valuable step toward…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Stephen Casper , Jason Lin , Joe Kwon , Gatlen Culp , Dylan Hadfield-Menell

Long-context large language models (LLMs)-for example, Gemini-3.1-Pro and Qwen-3.5-are widely used to empower many real-world applications, such as retrieval-augmented generation, autonomous agents, and AI assistants. However, security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Yanting Wang , Chenlong Yin , Ying Chen , Jinyuan Jia

Multimodal reward models (MRMs) play a crucial role in aligning Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) with human preferences. Training a good MRM requires high-quality multimodal preference data. However, existing preference datasets…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Zhihong Zhang , Jie Zhao , Xiaojian Huang , Jin Xu , Zhuodong Luo , Xin Liu , Jiansheng Wei , Xuejin Chen

Rectified Flow (RF) models trained with a Flow matching framework have achieved state-of-the-art performance on Text-to-Image (T2I) conditional generation. Yet, multiple benchmarks show that synthetic images can still suffer from poor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Chao Wang , Giulio Franzese , Alessandro Finamore , Pietro Michiardi

With the proliferation of red-teaming strategies for Large Language Models (LLMs), the deficiency in the literature about improving the safety and robustness of LLM defense strategies is becoming increasingly pronounced. This paper…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Jiaxu Liu , Xiangyu Yin , Sihao Wu , Jianhong Wang , Meng Fang , Xinping Yi , Xiaowei Huang