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Integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) within metaheuristics opens a novel path for solving complex combinatorial optimization problems. While most existing approaches leverage LLMs for code generation to create or refine specific…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Camilo Chacón Sartori , Martín Isla Pino , Pedro Pinacho-Davidson , Christian Blum

GA LLM is a hybrid framework that combines Genetic Algorithms with Large Language Models to handle structured generation tasks under strict constraints. Each output, such as a plan or report, is treated as a gene, and evolutionary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 William Shum , Rachel Chan , Jonas Lin , Benny Feng , Patrick Lau

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in code generation tasks, yet they face significant limitations in handling complex, long-context programming challenges and demonstrating complex compositional reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Amr Almorsi , Mohanned Ahmed , Walid Gomaa

Hybrid metaheuristics are powerful techniques for solving difficult optimization problems that exploit the strengths of different approaches in a single implementation. For algorithm designers, however, creating hybrid metaheuristic…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Christian Camacho-Villalón , Marco Dorigo , Thomas Stützle

Peephole optimizations are a core component of modern optimizing compilers. It rewrites specific instruction into semantically equivalent but more efficient forms. In practice, creating a new peephole optimization often starts from a…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Chunhao Liao , Hongxu Xu , Xintong Zhou , Zhenyang Xu , Chengnian Sun

This work develops an LLM-based optimization framework ensuring strict constraint satisfaction in network optimization. While LLMs possess contextual reasoning capabilities, existing approaches often fail to enforce constraints, causing…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Youngjin Song , Wookjin Lee , Hong Ki Kim , Sang Hyun Lee

Prompt optimization aims to find the best prompt to a large language model (LLM) for a given task. LLMs have been successfully used to help find and improve prompt candidates for single-step tasks. However, realistic tasks for agents are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Yongchao Chen , Jacob Arkin , Yilun Hao , Yang Zhang , Nicholas Roy , Chuchu Fan

Metaheuristics have gained great success in academia and practice because their search logic can be applied to any problem with available solution representation, solution quality evaluation, and certain notions of locality. Manually…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Qi Zhao , Qiqi Duan , Bai Yan , Shi Cheng , Yuhui Shi

Hyperparameter optimization (HPO) plays a central role in the performance of deep learning models, yet remains computationally expensive and difficult to interpret, particularly for time-series forecasting. While Bayesian Optimization (BO)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Ons Saadallah , Mátyás andó , Tamás Gábor Orosz

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized algorithm development, yet their application in symbolic regression, where algorithms automatically discover symbolic expressions from data, remains limited. In this paper, we propose a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Hengzhe Zhang , Qi Chen , Bing Xue , Wolfgang Banzhaf , Mengjie Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have already been widely adopted for automated algorithm design, demonstrating strong abilities in generating and evolving algorithms across various fields. Existing work has largely focused on examining their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Qi Huang , Furong Ye , Ananta Shahane , Thomas Bäck , Niki van Stein

Multi-step reasoning instruction, such as chain-of-thought prompting, is widely adopted to explore better language models (LMs) performance. We report on the systematic strategy that LMs employ in such a multi-step reasoning process. Our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Yoichi Aoki , Keito Kudo , Tatsuki Kuribayashi , Shusaku Sone , Masaya Taniguchi , Keisuke Sakaguchi , Kentaro Inui

Do large language models (LLMs) solve reasoning tasks by learning robust generalizable algorithms, or do they memorize training data? To investigate this question, we use arithmetic reasoning as a representative task. Using causal analysis,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Yaniv Nikankin , Anja Reusch , Aaron Mueller , Yonatan Belinkov

Robot path planning is difficult to solve due to the contradiction between optimality of results and complexity of algorithms, even in 2D environments. To find an optimal path, the algorithm needs to search all the state space, which costs…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Zhaoting Li , Jiankun Wang , Max Q. -H. Meng

Computational cognitive models, which formalize theories of cognition, enable researchers to quantify cognitive processes and arbitrate between competing theories by fitting models to behavioral data. Traditionally, these models are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Milena Rmus , Akshay K. Jagadish , Marvin Mathony , Tobias Ludwig , Eric Schulz

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown strong reasoning capabilities beyond traditional language tasks, motivating their use for numerical optimization. This paper presents LLMize, an open-source Python framework that enables…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 M. Rizki Oktavian

Large Language Models (LLMs) possess substantial reasoning capabilities and are increasingly applied to optimization tasks, particularly in synergy with evolutionary computation. However, while recent surveys have explored specific aspects…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Yisong Zhang , Ran Cheng , Guoxing Yi , Kay Chen Tan

The aim of this work is to present a meta-heuristically approach of the spatial assignment problem of human resources in multi-sites enterprise. Usually, this problem consists to move employees from one site to another based on one or more…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-11-01 Tkatek Said , Abdoun Otman , Abouchabaka Jaafar , Rafalia Najat

We propose LangProp, a framework for iteratively optimizing code generated by large language models (LLMs), in both supervised and reinforcement learning settings. While LLMs can generate sensible coding solutions zero-shot, they are often…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Shu Ishida , Gianluca Corrado , George Fedoseev , Hudson Yeo , Lloyd Russell , Jamie Shotton , João F. Henriques , Anthony Hu

Multi-objective optimization problems (MOPs) require the simultaneous optimization of conflicting objectives. Real-world MOPs often exhibit complex characteristics, including high-dimensional decision spaces, many objectives, or…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Haokai Hong , Liang Feng , Min Jiang , Kay Chen Tan