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Visual reasoning is central to human cognition, enabling individuals to interpret and abstractly understand their environment. Although recent Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance across language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Jing Bi , Junjia Guo , Susan Liang , Guangyu Sun , Luchuan Song , Yunlong Tang , Jinxi He , Jiarui Wu , Ali Vosoughi , Chen Chen , Chenliang Xu

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have made reasoning a central benchmark for evaluating intelligence. While prior surveys focus on efficiency by examining how to shorten reasoning chains or reduce computation, this view…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Chao Wu , Baoheng Li , Mingchen Gao , Yu Tian , Zhenyi Wang

With the powerful reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs), many recent works have explored using them for decision-making. However, most of these approaches rely solely on language-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yihao Sun , Zhilong Zhang , Yang Yu , Pierre-Luc Bacon

Reasoning has emerged as a pivotal capability in Large Language Models (LLMs). Through Reinforcement Learning (RL), typically Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO), these models are able to solve complex tasks such as mathematics and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Xinyu Tian , Shu Zou , Zhaoyuan Yang , Mengqi He , Fabian Waschkowski , Lukas Wesemann , Peter Tu , Jing Zhang

Multimodal reasoning requires iterative coordination between language and vision, yet it remains unclear what constitutes a meaningful interleaved chain of thought. We posit that text and image thoughts should function as complementary…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jiawei Gu , Yunzhuo Hao , Huichen Will Wang , Linjie Li , Michael Qizhe Shieh , Yejin Choi , Ranjay Krishna , Yu Cheng

In recent years, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have made significant strides by training on vast high-quality image-text datasets, enabling them to generally understand images well. However, the inherent difficulty in explicitly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Yuanze Lin , Yunsheng Li , Dongdong Chen , Weijian Xu , Ronald Clark , Philip Torr , Lu Yuan

Although large visual-language models (LVLMs) have demonstrated strong performance in multimodal tasks, errors may occasionally arise due to biases during the reasoning process. Recently, reward models (RMs) have become increasingly pivotal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Jiacheng Ruan , Wenzhen Yuan , Xian Gao , Ye Guo , Daoxin Zhang , Zhe Xu , Yao Hu , Ting Liu , Yuzhuo Fu

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have become increasingly versatile, accompanied by impressive Optical Character Recognition (OCR) related capabilities. Existing OCR-related benchmarks emphasize evaluating LMMs' abilities of relatively simple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Haibin He , Maoyuan Ye , Jing Zhang , Xiantao Cai , Juhua Liu , Bo Du , Dacheng Tao

Complex video reasoning remains a significant challenge for Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), as current R1-based methodologies often prioritize text-centric reasoning derived from text-based and image-based developments. In video…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Bo Fang , Yuxin Song , Qiangqiang Wu , Haoyuan Sun , Wenhao Wu , Antoni B. Chan

Self-reflection mechanisms that rely on purely text-based rethinking processes perform well in most multimodal tasks. However, when directly applied to long-form video understanding scenarios, they exhibit clear limitations. The fundamental…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Jiaze Li , Hao Yin , Wenhui Tan , Jingyang Chen , Boshen Xu , Yuxun Qu , Yijing Chen , Jianzhong Ju , Zhenbo Luo , Jian Luan

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) combine visual perception with the general capabilities, such as reasoning, of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, the mechanisms by which these two abilities can be combined and contribute remain poorly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Shiqi Chen , Jinghan Zhang , Tongyao Zhu , Wei Liu , Siyang Gao , Miao Xiong , Manling Li , Junxian He

Large Multimodal Models have achieved remarkable progress in integrating vision and language, enabling strong performance across perception, reasoning, and domain-specific tasks. However, their capacity to reason over multiple, visually…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Can Li , Ying Liu , Ting Zhang , Mei Wang , Hua Huang

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have excelled in textual reasoning, they struggle with mathematical domains like geometry that intrinsically rely on visual aids. Existing approaches to Visual Chain-of-Thought (VCoT) are often limited by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Weikang Shi , Aldrich Yu , Rongyao Fang , Houxing Ren , Ke Wang , Aojun Zhou , Changyao Tian , Xinyu Fu , Yuxuan Hu , Zimu Lu , Linjiang Huang , Si Liu , Rui Liu , Hongsheng Li

Detecting AI-generated images with multimodal large language models (MLLMs) has gained increasing attention, due to their rich world knowledge, common-sense reasoning, and potential for explainability. However, naively applying those MLLMs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Kaiqing Lin , Zhiyuan Yan , Ruoxin Chen , Junyan Ye , Ke-Yue Zhang , Yue Zhou , Peng Jin , Bin Li , Taiping Yao , Shouhong Ding

Recent advances in Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have revolutionized their reasoning and Optical Character Recognition (OCR) capabilities. However, their complex logical reasoning performance on text-rich images remains underexplored. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Maoyuan Ye , Haibin He , Qihuang Zhong , Jing Zhang , Juhua Liu , Bo Du

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated strong performance across a wide range of vision-language tasks, yet their internal processing dynamics remain underexplored. In this work, we introduce a probing framework to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Zhuoran Yu , Yong Jae Lee

When faced with complex problems, we tend to engage in slower, more deliberate thinking. In contrast, for simple questions we give quick, intuitive responses. This dual-system thinking approach allows us to allocate cognitive resources…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Chenyu Lin , Cheng Chi , Jinlin Wu , Sharon Li , Kaiyang Zhou

Visual reasoning (VR), which is crucial in many fields for enabling human-like visual understanding, remains highly challenging. Recently, compositional visual reasoning approaches, which leverage the reasoning abilities of large language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Fucai Ke , Vijay Kumar B G , Xingjian Leng , Zhixi Cai , Zaid Khan , Weiqing Wang , Pari Delir Haghighi , Hamid Rezatofighi , Manmohan Chandraker

Traditional visual grounding methods primarily focus on single-image scenarios with simple textual references. However, extending these methods to real-world scenarios that involve implicit and complex instructions, particularly in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Sule Bai , Mingxing Li , Yong Liu , Jing Tang , Haoji Zhang , Lei Sun , Xiangxiang Chu , Yansong Tang

Despite strong performance of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) on multimodal tasks, predicting whether and why an image is persuasive remains challenging. We first show that prompting MLLMs to reason before prediction does not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Naeun Lee , Hyunjong Kim , Sunghwan Choi , Injin Kong , Yohan Jo