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A key aspect of automating predictive machine learning entails the capability of properly triggering the update of the trained model. To this aim, suitable automatic solutions to self-assess the prediction quality and the data distribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-19 Tania Cerquitelli , Stefano Proto , Francesco Ventura , Daniele Apiletti , Elena Baralis

Changes in input distribution can induce shifts in the average predictions of machine learning models. Such prediction shifts may impact downstream business outcomes (e.g. a bank's loan approval rate), so understanding their causes can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Tom Bewley , Salim I. Amoukou , Emanuele Albini , Saumitra Mishra , Manuela Veloso

Sampling biases can cause distribution shifts between train and test datasets for supervised learning tasks, obscuring our ability to understand the generalization capacity of a model. This is especially important considering the wide…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Max Vargas , Adam Tsou , Andrew Engel , Tony Chiang

Cross-modal image translation remains brittle and inefficient. Standard diffusion approaches often rely on a single, global linear transfer between domains. We find that this shortcut forces the sampler to traverse off-manifold, high-cost…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zihao Wang , Yuzhou Chen , Shaogang Ren

In a world that constantly changes, it is crucial to understand how those changes impact different systems, such as industrial manufacturing or critical infrastructure. Explaining critical changes, referred to as concept drift in the field…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 David Komnick , Kathrin Lammers , Barbara Hammer , Valerie Vaquet , Fabian Hinder

Although there is significant progress in supervised semantic segmentation, it remains challenging to deploy the segmentation models to unseen domains due to domain biases. Domain adaptation can help in this regard by transferring knowledge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Binhui Xie , Mingjia Li , Shuang Li

Diffusion models are powerful generative models, and this capability can also be applied to discrimination. The inner activations of a pre-trained diffusion model can serve as features for discriminative tasks, namely, diffusion feature. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Benyuan Meng , Qianqian Xu , Zitai Wang , Zhiyong Yang , Xiaochun Cao , Qingming Huang

Domain adaptation seeks to leverage the abundant label information in a source domain to improve classification performance in a target domain with limited labels. While the field has seen extensive methodological development, its…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-31 Elif Vural , Huseyin Karaca

Deep learning models dealing with image understanding in real-world settings must be able to adapt to a wide variety of tasks across different domains. Domain adaptation and class incremental learning deal with domain and task variability…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Marco Toldo , Umberto Michieli , Pietro Zanuttigh

Machine learning models often deteriorate in their performance when they are used to predict the outcomes over data on which they were not trained. These scenarios can often arise in real world when the distribution of data changes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Narayanan U. Edakunni , Utkarsh Tekriwal , Anukriti Jain

Deep learning models for medical image segmentation suffer significant performance drops due to distribution shifts, but the causal mechanisms behind these drops remain poorly understood. We extend causal attribution frameworks to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-11 Pedro M. Gordaliza , Nataliia Molchanova , Jaume Banus , Thomas Sanchez , Meritxell Bach Cuadra

Attribution methods, which employ heatmaps to identify the most influential regions of an image that impact model decisions, have gained widespread popularity as a type of explainability method. However, recent research has exposed the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Thomas Fel , Agustin Picard , Louis Bethune , Thibaut Boissin , David Vigouroux , Julien Colin , Rémi Cadène , Thomas Serre

Federated learning improves data privacy and efficiency in machine learning performed over networks of distributed devices, such as mobile phones, IoT and wearable devices, etc. Yet models trained with federated learning can still fail to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Xingchao Peng , Zijun Huang , Yizhe Zhu , Kate Saenko

Feature attribution maps are a popular approach to highlight the most important pixels in an image for a given prediction of a model. Despite a recent growth in popularity and available methods, little attention is given to the objective…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Arne Gevaert , Axel-Jan Rousseau , Thijs Becker , Dirk Valkenborg , Tijl De Bie , Yvan Saeys

Sparse joint shift (SJS) was recently proposed as a tractable model for general dataset shift which may cause changes to the marginal distributions of features and labels as well as the posterior probabilities and the class-conditional…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-25 Dirk Tasche

Feature attribution methods are popular in interpretable machine learning. These methods compute the attribution of each input feature to represent its importance, but there is no consensus on the definition of "attribution", leading to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Yilun Zhou , Serena Booth , Marco Tulio Ribeiro , Julie Shah

Traditional test-time adaptation (TTA) methods face significant challenges in adapting to dynamic environments characterized by continuously changing long-term target distributions. These challenges primarily stem from two factors:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Fahim Faisal Niloy , Sk Miraj Ahmed , Dripta S. Raychaudhuri , Samet Oymak , Amit K. Roy-Chowdhury

Concept drift and label scarcity are two critical challenges limiting the robustness of predictive models in dynamic industrial environments. Existing drift detection methods often assume global shifts and rely on dense supervision, making…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-05 Junghee Pyeon , Davide Cacciarelli , Kamran Paynabar

Concept drift describes unforeseeable changes in the underlying distribution of streaming data over time. Concept drift research involves the development of methodologies and techniques for drift detection, understanding and adaptation.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-14 Jie Lu , Anjin Liu , Fan Dong , Feng Gu , Joao Gama , Guangquan Zhang

We propose a new framework for binary classification in transfer learning settings where both covariate and label distributions may shift between source and target domains. Unlike traditional covariate shift or label shift assumptions, we…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-29 Manli Cheng , Subha Maity , Qinglong Tian , Pengfei Li