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Bias analysis for synthetic face detection is bound to become a critical topic in the coming years. Although many detection models have been developed and several datasets have been released to reliably identify synthetic content, one…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Asmae Lamsaf , Lucia Cascone , Hugo Proença , João Neves

Understanding the facial expressions of our interlocutor is important to enrich the communication and to give it a depth that goes beyond the explicitly expressed. In fact, studying one's facial expression gives insight into their hidden…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-07 Rim EL Cheikh , Hélène Tran , Issam Falih , Engelbert Mephu Nguifo

Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) systems have growing applications in sensitive domains such as mental health and education, where biased predictions can cause harm. Traditional fairness metrics, such as Equalised Odds and Demographic…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-23 Tomisin Ogunnubi , Yupei Li , Björn Schuller

In medical image diagnosis, fairness has become increasingly crucial. Without bias mitigation, deploying unfair AI would harm the interests of the underprivileged population and potentially tear society apart. Recent research addresses…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Ching-Hao Chiu , Yu-Jen Chen , Yawen Wu , Yiyu Shi , Tsung-Yi Ho

The presence of bias in deep models leads to unfair outcomes for certain demographic subgroups. Research in bias focuses primarily on facial recognition and attribute prediction with scarce emphasis on face detection. Existing studies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Surbhi Mittal , Kartik Thakral , Puspita Majumdar , Mayank Vatsa , Richa Singh

A novel Identity-Free conditional Generative Adversarial Network (IF-GAN) was proposed for Facial Expression Recognition (FER) to explicitly reduce high inter-subject variations caused by identity-related facial attributes, e.g., age, race,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Jie Cai , Zibo Meng , Ahmed Shehab Khan , Zhiyuan Li , James O'Reilly , Shizhong Han , Yan Tong

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have recently been explored as face verification systems that determine whether two face images are of the same person. Unlike dedicated face recognition systems, MLLMs approach this task through…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Ünsal Öztürk , Hatef Otroshi Shahreza , Sébastien Marcel

There are demographic biases present in current facial recognition (FR) models. To measure these biases across different ethnic and gender subgroups, we introduce our Balanced Faces in the Wild (BFW) dataset. This dataset allows for the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Joseph P Robinson , Can Qin , Yann Henon , Samson Timoner , Yun Fu

Deep learning-based methods have pushed the limits of the state-of-the-art in face analysis. However, despite their success, these models have raised concerns regarding their bias towards certain demographics. This bias is inflicted both by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-10 Markos Georgopoulos , Yannis Panagakis , Maja Pantic

We present a soft benchmark for calibrating facial expression recognition (FER). While prior works have focused on identifying affective states, we find that FER models are uncalibrated. This is particularly true when out-of-distribution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Dexter Neo , Tsuhan Chen

Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have achieved expert-level performance in medical imaging applications. Notably, self-supervised vision-language foundation models can detect a broad spectrum of pathologies without relying on…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Yuzhe Yang , Yujia Liu , Xin Liu , Avanti Gulhane , Domenico Mastrodicasa , Wei Wu , Edward J Wang , Dushyant W Sahani , Shwetak Patel

Facial expression recognition (FER) systems raise significant privacy concerns due to the potential exposure of sensitive identity information. This paper presents a study on removing identity information while preserving FER capabilities.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Feng Xu , David Ahmedt-Aristizabal , Lars Petersson , Dadong Wang , Xun Li

Law enforcement regularly faces the challenge of ranking suspects from their facial images. Deep face models aid this process but frequently introduce biases that disproportionately affect certain demographic segments. While bias…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Andrea Atzori , Gianni Fenu , Mirko Marras

Most facial expression recognition (FER) models are trained on large-scale expression data with centralized learning. Unfortunately, collecting a large amount of centralized expression data is difficult in practice due to privacy concerns…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Hu Ding , Yan Yan , Yang Lu , Jing-Hao Xue , Hanzi Wang

Facial Attribute Classification (FAC) holds substantial promise in widespread applications. However, FAC models trained by traditional methodologies can be unfair by exhibiting accuracy inconsistencies across varied data subpopulations.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Fengda Zhang , Qianpei He , Kun Kuang , Jiashuo Liu , Long Chen , Chao Wu , Jun Xiao , Hanwang Zhang

The evaluation of fairness in machine learning systems has become a central concern in high-stakes applications, including biometric recognition, healthcare decision-making, and automated risk assessment. Existing approaches typically rely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Khalid Adnan Alsayed

Existing facial expression recognition (FER) methods typically fine-tune a pre-trained visual encoder using discrete labels. However, this form of supervision limits to specify the emotional concept of different facial expressions. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Hangyu Li , Yihan Xu , Jiangchao Yao , Nannan Wang , Xinbo Gao , Bo Han

Recognition of expressions of emotions and affect from facial images is a well-studied research problem in the fields of affective computing and computer vision with a large number of datasets available containing facial images and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-24 Tian Xu , Jennifer White , Sinan Kalkan , Hatice Gunes

We reveal critical insights into problems of bias in state-of-the-art facial recognition (FR) systems using a novel Balanced Faces In the Wild (BFW) dataset: data balanced for gender and ethnic groups. We show variations in the optimal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-22 Joseph P Robinson , Gennady Livitz , Yann Henon , Can Qin , Yun Fu , Samson Timoner

Demographic fairness in face recognition (FR) has emerged as a critical area of research, given its impact on fairness, equity, and reliability across diverse applications. As FR technologies are increasingly deployed globally, disparities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Ketan Kotwal , Sebastien Marcel