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Masked auto-regressive diffusion models (MAR) benefit from the expressive modeling ability of diffusion models and the flexibility of masked auto-regressive ordering. However, vanilla MAR suffers from slow inference due to its hierarchical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Yuxuan Gu , Weimin Bai , Yifei Wang , Weijian Luo , He Sun

Essential to visual generation is efficient modeling of visual data priors. Conventional next-token prediction methods define the process as learning the conditional probability distribution of successive tokens. Recently, next-scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Jinhua Zhang , Wei Long , Minghao Han , Weiyi You , Shuhang Gu

Three-dimensional (3D) medical images, such as Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), are essential for clinical applications. However, the need for diverse and comprehensive representations is particularly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Siwen Wang , Churan Wang , Fei Gao , Lixian Su , Fandong Zhang , Yizhou Wang , Yizhou Yu

Human Mesh Recovery (HMR) from a single RGB image is a highly ambiguous problem, as an infinite set of 3D interpretations can explain the 2D observation equally well. Nevertheless, most HMR methods overlook this issue and make a single…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Guénolé Fiche , Simon Leglaive , Xavier Alameda-Pineda , Francesc Moreno-Noguer

The Hierarchical Inference (HI) paradigm employs a tiered processing: the inference from simple data samples are accepted at the end device, while complex data samples are offloaded to the central servers. HI has recently emerged as an…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Adarsh Prasad Behera , Roberto Morabito , Joerg Widmer , Jaya Prakash Champati

Traditional graph representations are insufficient for modelling real-world phenomena involving multi-entity interactions, such as collaborative projects or protein complexes, necessitating the use of hypergraphs. While hypergraphs preserve…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-23 Xianghe Zhu , Qiwei Yao

Autoregressive image generation aims to predict the next token based on previous ones. However, this process is challenged by the bidirectional dependencies inherent in conventional image tokenizations, which creates a fundamental…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Pingyu Wu , Kai Zhu , Yu Liu , Longxiang Tang , Jian Yang , Yansong Peng , Wei Zhai , Yang Cao , Zheng-Jun Zha

Continuous visual autoregressive (AR) models have demonstrated promising performance in image generation. However, the heavy autoregressive inference burden imposes significant overhead. In Large Language Models (LLMs), speculative decoding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Zili Wang , Robert Zhang , Kun Ding , Qi Yang , Fei Li , Shiming Xiang

We present a hierarchical VAE that, for the first time, generates samples quickly while outperforming the PixelCNN in log-likelihood on all natural image benchmarks. We begin by observing that, in theory, VAEs can actually represent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-18 Rewon Child

Autoregressive image modeling relies on visual tokenizers to compress images into compact latent representations. We design an end-to-end training pipeline that jointly optimizes reconstruction and generation, enabling direct supervision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Wenda Chu , Bingliang Zhang , Jiaqi Han , Yizhuo Li , Linjie Yang , Yisong Yue , Qiushan Guo

Autoregressive models for 3D mesh generation suffer from a fundamental limitation: they flatten meshes into long vertex-coordinate sequences. This results in prohibitive computational costs, hindering the efficient synthesis of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Hanxiao Wang , Yuan-Chen Guo , Ying-Tian Liu , Zi-Xin Zou , Biao Zhang , Weize Quan , Ding Liang , Yan-Pei Cao , Dong-Ming Yan

Post-training pretrained autoregressive models (ARMs) into masked diffusion models (MDMs) has emerged as a cost-effective way to overcome the limitations of sequential generation. Yet it remains unclear whether post-trained MDMs acquire…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Injin Kong , Hyoungjoon Lee , Yohan Jo

Interpretable scientific machine learning often trades predictive performance for structural transparency. When physical targets arise from hierarchical and nonlinear descriptor entanglement, weakly interacting white-box models underfit,…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-03-30 Seong-Hoon Jang

In this paper we tackle Image Super Resolution (ISR), using recent advances in Visual Auto-Regressive (VAR) modeling. VAR iteratively estimates the residual in latent space between gradually increasing image scales, a process referred to as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Enrique Sanchez , Isma Hadji , Adrian Bulat , Christos Tzelepis , Brais Martinez , Georgios Tzimiropoulos

Recently, masked image modeling (MIM) has offered a new methodology of self-supervised pre-training of vision transformers. A key idea of efficient implementation is to discard the masked image patches (or tokens) throughout the target…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Xiaosong Zhang , Yunjie Tian , Wei Huang , Qixiang Ye , Qi Dai , Lingxi Xie , Qi Tian

Visual AutoRegressive modeling (VAR) based on next-scale prediction has revitalized autoregressive visual generation. Although its full-context dependency, i.e., modeling all previous scales for next-scale prediction, facilitates more…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Yu Zhang , Jingyi Liu , Yiwei Shi , Qi Zhang , Duoqian Miao , Changwei Wang , Longbing Cao

In this paper, we propose ZipAR, a training-free, plug-and-play parallel decoding framework for accelerating auto-regressive (AR) visual generation. The motivation stems from the observation that images exhibit local structures, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Yefei He , Feng Chen , Yuanyu He , Shaoxuan He , Hong Zhou , Kaipeng Zhang , Bohan Zhuang

We propose a novel Auto-Regressive (AR) image generation approach that models images as hierarchical compositions of interpretable visual layers. While AR models have achieved transformative success in language modeling, replicating this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Siddharth Roheda , Rohit Chowdhury , Aniruddha Bala , Rohan Jaiswal

Deep neural networks are capable of learning powerful representations to tackle complex vision tasks but expose undesirable properties like the over-fitting issue. To this end, regularization techniques like image augmentation are necessary…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Haohang Xu , Shuangrui Ding , Manqi Zhao , Dongsheng Jiang

Self-supervised visual pre-training methods face an inherent tension: contrastive learning (CL) captures global semantics but loses fine-grained detail, while masked image modeling (MIM) preserves local textures but suffers from "attention…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Wenzhao Xiang , Yue Wu , Hongyang Yu , Feng Gao , Fan Yang , Xilin Chen