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Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in various NLP tasks, but they still suffer from challenges such as hallucination and weak numerical reasoning. To overcome these challenges, external tools can be used…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-26 Yuchen Zhuang , Yue Yu , Kuan Wang , Haotian Sun , Chao Zhang

The Audio Visual Question Answering (AVQA) task aims to answer questions related to various visual objects, sounds, and their interactions in videos. Such naturally multimodal videos contain rich and complex dynamic audio-visual components,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Guangyao Li , Henghui Du , Di Hu

Retrieving real-time information is a fundamental capability for search-integrated agents in real-world applications. However, existing benchmarks are predominantly static and therefore fail to capture the temporal dynamics of information…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Wenjie Zhou , Yuan Gao , Xin Zhou , Hao Fu , Zhongjian Miao , Wei Chen , Bo Chen , Xiaobing Zhao

This paper explores whether enhancing temporal reasoning capabilities in Large Language Models (LLMs) can improve the quality of timeline summarisation, the task of summarising long texts containing sequences of events, such as social media…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Jiayu Song , Mahmud Elahi Akhter , Dana Atzil Slonim , Maria Liakata

Information visualizations such as bar charts and line charts are very common for analyzing data and discovering critical insights. Often people analyze charts to answer questions that they have in mind. Answering such questions can be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Enamul Hoque , Parsa Kavehzadeh , Ahmed Masry

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly vulnerable to sophisticated multi-turn manipulation attacks, where adversaries strategically build context through seemingly benign conversational turns to circumvent safety measures and elicit…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Prashant Kulkarni , Assaf Namer

Visual question answering (VQA) is a task that combines both the techniques of computer vision and natural language processing. It requires models to answer a text-based question according to the information contained in a visual. In recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Yeyun Zou , Qiyu Xie

Retrieval-augmented Large Language Models (LLMs) have reshaped traditional query-answering systems, offering unparalleled user experiences. However, existing retrieval techniques often struggle to handle multi-modal query contexts. In this…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Mengzhao Wang , Haotian Wu , Xiangyu Ke , Yunjun Gao , Xiaoliang Xu , Lu Chen

Visual Question Answering (VQA) requires integration of feature maps with drastically different structures and focus of the correct regions. Image descriptors have structures at multiple spatial scales, while lexical inputs inherently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-20 Yang Shi , Tommaso Furlanello , Sheng Zha , Animashree Anandkumar

Augmenting Large Language Models (LLMs) with information retrieval capabilities (i.e., Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)) has proven beneficial for knowledge-intensive tasks. However, understanding users' contextual search intent when…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Nirmal Roy , Leonardo F. R. Ribeiro , Rexhina Blloshmi , Kevin Small

Temporal common sense (e.g., duration and frequency of events) is crucial for understanding natural language. However, its acquisition is challenging, partly because such information is often not expressed explicitly in text, and human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Ben Zhou , Qiang Ning , Daniel Khashabi , Dan Roth

What does it take to design a machine that learns to answer natural questions about a video? A Video QA system must simultaneously understand language, represent visual content over space-time, and iteratively transform these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-14 Thao Minh Le , Vuong Le , Svetha Venkatesh , Truyen Tran

Language models (LMs) are trained on web text originating from many points in time and, in general, without any explicit temporal grounding. This work investigates the temporal chaos of pretrained LMs and explores various methods to align…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Bowen Zhao , Zander Brumbaugh , Yizhong Wang , Hannaneh Hajishirzi , Noah A. Smith

Temporal reasoning about historical events is a critical skill for NLP tasks like event extraction, historical entity linking, temporal question answering, timeline summarization, temporal event clustering and temporal natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Biswadip Mandal , Anant Khandelwal , Manish Gupta

Long-form question answering (LFQA) aims at generating in-depth answers to end-user questions, providing relevant information beyond the direct answer. However, existing retrievers are typically optimized towards information that directly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Philipp Christmann , Svitlana Vakulenko , Ionut Teodor Sorodoc , Bill Byrne , Adrià de Gispert

Visual Question Answering (VQA) is an emerging area of interest for researches, being a recent problem in natural language processing and image prediction. In this area, an algorithm needs to answer questions about certain images. As of the…

An important aspect of artificial intelligence (AI) is the ability to reason in a step-by-step "algorithmic" manner that can be inspected and verified for its correctness. This is especially important in the domain of question answering…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-11-08 Kwabena Nuamah

Question Answering (QA), as a research field, has primarily focused on either knowledge bases (KBs) or free text as a source of knowledge. These two sources have historically shaped the kinds of questions that are asked over these sources,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Igor Labutov , Bishan Yang , Anusha Prakash , Amos Azaria

Visual Question Answering (VQA) presents a unique challenge as it requires the ability to understand and encode the multi-modal inputs - in terms of image processing and natural language processing. The algorithm further needs to learn how…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-09-26 Supriya Pandhre , Shagun Sodhani

Understanding temporal relations and answering time-sensitive questions is crucial yet a challenging task for question-answering systems powered by large language models (LLMs). Existing approaches either update the parametric knowledge of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Zhang Siyue , Xue Yuxiang , Zhang Yiming , Wu Xiaobao , Luu Anh Tuan , Zhao Chen