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Multimodal foundation models have demonstrated impressive capabilities across diverse tasks. However, their potential as plug-and-play solutions for missing modality reconstruction remains underexplored. To bridge this gap, we identify and…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Guanzhou Ke , Bo Wang , Guoqing Chao , Weiming Hu , Shengfeng He

Multimodal learning has mainly focused on learning large models on, and fusing feature representations from, different modalities for better performances on downstream tasks. In this work, we take a detour from this trend and study the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-08 Yifeng Shi , Marc Niethammer

Missing modalities consistently lead to significant performance degradation in multimodal models. Existing approaches either synthesize missing modalities at high computational cost or apply prompt-based fine-tuning that relies only on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Hongye Zhu , Xuan Liu , Yanwen Ba , Jingye Xue , Shigeng Zhang

Multimodal learning has gained increasing importance across various fields, offering the ability to integrate data from diverse sources such as images, text, and personalized records, which are frequently observed in medical domains.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Sukwon Yun , Inyoung Choi , Jie Peng , Yangfan Wu , Jingxuan Bao , Qiyiwen Zhang , Jiayi Xin , Qi Long , Tianlong Chen

Despite the remarkable performance of deep models in medical imaging, they still require source data for training, which limits their potential in light of privacy concerns. Federated learning (FL), as a decentralized learning framework…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Yihang Wu , Ahmad Chaddad

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a key paradigm for collaborative model training across multiple clients without sharing raw data, enabling privacy-preserving applications in areas such as radiology and pathology. However, works on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Furkan Pala , Islem Rekik

Multimodal Misinformation Recognition has become an urgent task with the emergence of huge multimodal fake content on social media platforms. Previous studies mainly focus on complex feature extraction and fusion to learn discriminative…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Hengyang Zhou , Yiwei Wei , Jian Yang , Zhenyu Zhang

Many healthcare applications are inherently multimodal, involving several physiological signals. As sensors for these signals become more common, improving machine learning methods for multimodal healthcare data is crucial. Pretraining…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Ching Fang , Christopher Sandino , Behrooz Mahasseni , Juri Minxha , Hadi Pouransari , Erdrin Azemi , Ali Moin , Ellen Zippi

Multimodal Federated Learning frequently encounters challenges of client modality heterogeneity, leading to undesired performances for secondary modality in multimodal learning. It is particularly prevalent in audiovisual learning, with…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-29 Tiantian Feng , Tuo Zhang , Salman Avestimehr , Shrikanth S. Narayanan

Federated Learning (FL) is an evolving machine learning method in which multiple clients participate in collaborative learning without sharing their data with each other and the central server. In real-world applications such as hospitals…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Hussain Ahmad Madni , Rao Muhammad Umer , Gian Luca Foresti

Personalized Federated Learning (PFL) which collaboratively trains a federated model while considering local clients under privacy constraints has attracted much attention. Despite its popularity, it has been observed that existing PFL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-05 Tianchun Wang , Wei Cheng , Dongsheng Luo , Wenchao Yu , Jingchao Ni , Liang Tong , Haifeng Chen , Xiang Zhang

Federated Learning has gained popularity among medical institutions since it enables collaborative training between clients (e.g., hospitals) without aggregating data. However, due to the high cost associated with creating annotations,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-19 Xiaoxiao He , Chaowei Tan , Bo Liu , Liping Si , Weiwu Yao , Liang Zhao , Di Liu , Qilong Zhangli , Qi Chang , Kang Li , Dimitris N. Metaxas

Multimodal learning leverages complementary information derived from different modalities, thereby enhancing performance in medical image segmentation. However, prevailing multimodal learning methods heavily rely on extensive well-annotated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Xiaogen Zhou , Yiyou Sun , Min Deng , Winnie Chiu Wing Chu , Qi Dou

Data heterogeneity poses a fundamental challenge in federated learning (FL), especially when clients differ not only in distribution but also in the reliability of their predictions across individual examples. While personalized FL (PFL)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Amr Abourayya , Jens Kleesiek , Bharat Rao , Michael Kamp

In Federated Learning, we aim to train models across multiple computing units (users), while users can only communicate with a common central server, without exchanging their data samples. This mechanism exploits the computational power of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Alireza Fallah , Aryan Mokhtari , Asuman Ozdaglar

Federated learning is a promising paradigm that allows multiple clients to collaboratively train a model without sharing the local data. However, the presence of heterogeneous devices in federated learning, such as mobile phones and IoT…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Kai Zhang , Yutong Dai , Hongyi Wang , Eric Xing , Xun Chen , Lichao Sun

Missing or corrupted modalities are common in physiological signal-based medical applications owing to hardware constraints or motion artifacts. However, most existing methods assume the availability of all modalities, resulting in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Cheol-Hui Lee , Hwa-Yeon Lee , Min-Kyung Jung , Dong-Joo Kim

Multimodal data, which can comprehensively perceive and recognize the physical world, has become an essential path towards general artificial intelligence. However, multimodal large models trained on public datasets often underperform in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Zengxiang Li , Zhaoxiang Hou , Hui Liu , Ying Wang , Tongzhi Li , Longfei Xie , Chao Shi , Chengyi Yang , Weishan Zhang , Zelei Liu , Liang Xu

Multimodal Federated Learning (MFL) has emerged as a promising approach for collaboratively training multimodal models across distributed clients, particularly in healthcare domains. In the context of brain imaging analysis, modality…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-19 Xinpeng Wang , Rong Zhou , Han Xie , Xiaoying Tang , Lifang He , Carl Yang

As Large Language Models (LLMs) push the boundaries of AI capabilities, their demand for data is growing. Much of this data is private and distributed across edge devices, making Federated Learning (FL) a de-facto alternative for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Hanzi Mei , Dongqi Cai , Ao Zhou , Shangguang Wang , Mengwei Xu