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Classifier-Free Guidance (CFG) is essential for high-fidelity conditional generation in flow matching, yet it imposes significant computational overhead by requiring dual forward passes at each sampling step. In this work, we address this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Xin Peng , Ang Gao

Given an unconditional diffusion model and a predictor for a target property of interest (e.g., a classifier), the goal of training-free guidance is to generate samples with desirable target properties without additional training. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Haotian Ye , Haowei Lin , Jiaqi Han , Minkai Xu , Sheng Liu , Yitao Liang , Jianzhu Ma , James Zou , Stefano Ermon

Classifier-free guidance (CFG) is a key technique for improving conditional generation in diffusion models, enabling more accurate control while enhancing sample quality. It is natural to extend this technique to video diffusion, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Kiwhan Song , Boyuan Chen , Max Simchowitz , Yilun Du , Russ Tedrake , Vincent Sitzmann

Guidance techniques are commonly used in diffusion and flow models to improve image quality and input consistency for conditional generative tasks such as class-conditional and text-to-image generation. In particular, classifier-free…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Tariq Berrada Ifriqi , Adriana Romero-Soriano , Michal Drozdzal , Jakob Verbeek , Karteek Alahari

Classifier-free guidance has become a staple for conditional generation with denoising diffusion models. However, a comprehensive understanding of classifier-free guidance is still missing. In this work, we carry out an empirical study to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Xiaoming Zhao , Alexander G. Schwing

Diffusion models (DMs) have demonstrated exceptional performance in text-to-image tasks, leading to their widespread use. With the introduction of classifier-free guidance (CFG), the quality of images generated by DMs is significantly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Jiadong Pan , Liang Li , Hongcheng Gao , Zheng-Jun Zha , Qingming Huang , Jiebo Luo

Current sampling mechanisms for conditional diffusion models rely mainly on Classifier Free Guidance (CFG) to generate high-quality images. However, CFG requires several denoising passes in each time step, e.g., up to three passes in image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Mehdi Noroozi , Alberto Gil Ramos , Luca Morreale , Ruchika Chavhan , Malcolm Chadwick , Abhinav Mehrotra , Sourav Bhattacharya

Classifier guidance is a recently introduced method to trade off mode coverage and sample fidelity in conditional diffusion models post training, in the same spirit as low temperature sampling or truncation in other types of generative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Jonathan Ho , Tim Salimans

Classifier-free guidance (CFG) is the de facto standard for conditional sampling in diffusion models, yet it often reduces sample diversity. Using tools from statistical physics, we analyze the emergence of generative distortions induced by…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-11 Enrico Ventura , Beatrice Achilli , Luca Ambrogioni , Carlo Lucibello

Various weather modelling problems (e.g., weather forecasting, optimizing turbine placements, etc.) require ample access to high-resolution, highly accurate wind data. Acquiring such high-resolution wind data, however, remains a challenging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Jacob Schnell , Aditya Makkar , Gunadi Gani , Aniket Srinivasan Ashok , Darren Lo , Mike Optis , Alexander Wong , Yuhao Chen

Flow-based generative models have become a strong framework for high-quality generative modeling, yet pretrained models are rarely used in their vanilla conditional form: conditional samples without guidance often appear diffuse and lack…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Runlong Liao , Jian Yu , Baiyu Su , Chi Zhang , Lizhang Chen , Qiang Liu

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable progress in image and audio generation, largely due to Classifier-Free Guidance. However, the choice of guidance scale remains underexplored: a fixed scale often fails to generalize across prompts…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Xuanhao Zhang , Chang Li

Personalizing text-to-image diffusion models is crucial for adapting the pre-trained models to specific target concepts, enabling diverse image generation. However, fine-tuning with few images introduces an inherent trade-off between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Sunghyun Park , Seokeon Choi , Hyoungwoo Park , Sungrack Yun

We introduce Policy Gradient Guidance (PGG), a simple extension of classifier-free guidance from diffusion models to classical policy gradient methods. PGG augments the policy gradient with an unconditional branch and interpolates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Jianing Qi , Hao Tang , Zhigang Zhu

Diffusion models achieve strong performance in generative modeling, but their success often relies heavily on classifier-free guidance (CFG), an inference-time heuristic that modifies the sampling trajectory. In theory, diffusion models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Xiang Li , Yixuan Jia , Xiao Li , Jeffrey A. Fessler , Rongrong Wang , Qing Qu

Guidance in image generation steers models towards higher-quality or more targeted outputs, typically achieved in Diffusion Models (DMs) via Classifier-free Guidance (CFG). However, recent Consistency Models (CMs), which offer fewer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Chia-Hong Hsu , Shiu-hong Kao , Randall Balestriero

Diffusion models (DMs) have demonstrated an unparalleled ability to create diverse and high-fidelity images from text prompts. However, they are also well-known to vary substantially regarding both prompt adherence and quality. Negative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Alakh Desai , Nuno Vasconcelos

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in synthesizing complex static and temporal visuals, a breakthrough largely driven by Classifier-Free Guidance (CFG). However, despite its pivotal role in aligning generated content with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Haosen Li , Wenshuo Chen , Lei Wang , Shaofeng Liang , Bowen Tian , Soning Lai , Yutao Yue

Diffusion models generate synthetic images through an iterative refinement process. However, the misalignment between the simulation-free objective and the iterative process often causes accumulated gradient error along the sampling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Liangyu Yuan , Yufei Huang , Mingkun Lei , Tong Zhao , Ruoyu Wang , Changxi Chi , Yiwei Wang , Chi Zhang

Diffusion models have emerged as the dominant paradigm for high-quality image generation, yet their computational expense remains substantial due to iterative denoising. Classifier-Free Guidance (CFG) significantly enhances generation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Ruitong Sun , Tianze Yang , Wei Niu , Jin Sun