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In zero-shot image retrieval (ZSIR) task, embedding learning becomes more attractive, however, many methods follow the traditional metric learning idea and omit the problems behind zero-shot settings. In this paper, we first emphasize the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-30 Binghui Chen , Weihong Deng

Visual Question Answering systems face reliability issues due to hallucinations, where models generate answers misaligned with visual input or factual knowledge. While Retrieval Augmented Generation frameworks mitigate this issue by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Ruoshuang Du , Xin Sun , Qiang Liu , Bowen Song , Zhongqi Chen , Weiqiang Wang , Liang Wang

The cross-resolution person re-identification (CRReID) problem aims to match low-resolution (LR) query identity images against high resolution (HR) gallery images. It is a challenging and practical problem since the query images often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Lin Wu , Lingqiao Liu , Yang Wang , Zheng Zhang , Farid Boussaid , Mohammed Bennamoun

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has become a core paradigm in document question answering tasks. However, existing methods have limitations when dealing with multimodal documents: one category of methods relies on layout analysis and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Wang Chen , Wenhan Yu , Guanqiang Qi , Weikang Li , Yang Li , Lei Sha , Deguo Xia , Jizhou Huang

Multimodal information retrieval (MMIR) has gained attention for its flexibility in handling text, images, or mixed queries and candidates. Recent breakthroughs in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) boost MMIR performance by…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Dawei Su , Dongsheng Wang

While language Models store a massive amount of world knowledge implicitly in their parameters, even very large models often fail to encode information about rare entities and events, while incurring huge computational costs. Recently,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Wenhu Chen , Hexiang Hu , Xi Chen , Pat Verga , William W. Cohen

No-Reference Image Quality Assessment (NR-IQA) aims to estimate perceptual quality without access to a reference image of pristine quality. Learning an NR-IQA model faces a fundamental bottleneck: its need for a large number of costly human…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Mahdi Naseri , Zhou Wang

Recent multimodal retrieval methods have endowed text-based retrievers with multimodal capabilities by utilizing pre-training strategies for visual-text alignment. They often directly fuse the two modalities for cross-reference during the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Yeong-Joon Ju , Ho-Joong Kim , Seong-Whan Lee

Machine-learning paradigms such as imitation learning and reinforcement learning can generate highly performant agents in a variety of complex environments. However, commonly used methods require large quantities of data and/or a known…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Noah Ford , Ryan W. Gardner , Austin Juhl , Nathan Larson

Pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) excel in multimodal tasks, commonly encoding images as embedding vectors for storage in databases and retrieval via approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS). However, these models struggle with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Ofer Idan , Vladi Vexler , Gil Lederman , Dima Sivov , Aviad Cohen Zada , Shir Niego Komforti

Zero-shot visual question answering (VQA) is a challenging task that requires reasoning across modalities. While some existing methods rely on a single rationale within the Chain of Thoughts (CoT) framework, they may fall short of capturing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Tao Li , Linjun Shou , Xuejun Liu

Text-to-image person retrieval (TIPR) aims to identify the target person using textual descriptions, facing challenge in modality heterogeneity. Prior works have attempted to address it by developing cross-modal global or local alignment…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Min Cao , Xinyu Zhou , Ding Jiang , Bo Du , Mang Ye , Min Zhang

Automated road sign recognition is a critical task for intelligent transportation systems, but traditional deep learning methods struggle with the sheer number of sign classes and the impracticality of creating exhaustive labeled datasets.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Minghao Zhu , Zhihao Zhang , Anmol Sidhu , Keith Redmill

Most existing algorithms for cross-modal Information Retrieval are based on a supervised train-test setup, where a model learns to align the mode of the query (e.g., text) to the mode of the documents (e.g., images) from a given training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-24 Anurag Roy , Vinay Kumar Verma , Kripabandhu Ghosh , Saptarshi Ghosh

Zero-shot reasoning methods with Large Language Models (LLMs) offer significant advantages including great generalization to novel tasks and reduced dependency on human-crafted examples. However, the current zero-shot methods still have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Pengfei He , Zitao Li , Yue Xing , Yaling Li , Jiliang Tang , Bolin Ding

Universal Multimodal Retrieval (UMR) seeks any-to-any search across text and vision, yet modern embedding models remain brittle when queries require latent reasoning (e.g., resolving underspecified references or matching compositional…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Jianrui Zhang , Anirudh Sundara Rajan , Brandon Han , Soochahn Lee , Sukanta Ganguly , Yong Jae Lee

In reality, images often exhibit multiple degradations, such as rain and fog at night (triple degradations). However, in many cases, individuals may not want to remove all degradations, for instance, a blurry lens revealing a beautiful…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Runwei Guan , Rongsheng Hu , Zhuhao Zhou , Tianlang Xue , Ka Lok Man , Jeremy Smith , Eng Gee Lim , Weiping Ding , Yutao Yue

Composed Image Retrieval (CIR) is a pivotal and complex task in multimodal understanding. Current CIR benchmarks typically feature limited query categories and fail to capture the diverse requirements of real-world scenarios. To bridge this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Tingyu Song , Yanzhao Zhang , Mingxin Li , Zhuoning Guo , Dingkun Long , Pengjun Xie , Siyue Zhang , Yilun Zhao , Shu Wu

Multi-image Interleaved Reasoning aims to improve Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) ability to jointly comprehend and reason across multiple images and their associated textual contexts, introducing unique challenges beyond…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Hang Du , Jiayang Zhang , Guoshun Nan , Wendi Deng , Zhenyan Chen , Chenyang Zhang , Wang Xiao , Shan Huang , Yuqi Pan , Tao Qi , Sicong Leng

Recent advances in Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) target 3D spatial intelligence, yet the progress has been largely driven by post-training on curated benchmarks, leaving the inference-time approach relatively underexplored. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Tingshu Mou , Jiabo He , Renying Wang , Ce Liu , Hao Yang , Tiehua Zhang , Jingjing Chen , Xingjun Ma