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Fine-tuning pre-trained large language models (LLMs) in a distributed manner poses significant challenges on resource-constrained edge networks. To address this challenge, we propose SflLLM, a novel framework that integrates split federated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Kai Zhao , Zhaohui Yang , Ye Hu , Mingzhe Chen , Chen Zhu , Zhaoyang Zhang

In the field of instruction-following large vision-language models (LVLMs), the efficient deployment of these models faces challenges, notably due to the high memory demands of their key-value (KV) caches. Conventional cache management…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Zuyan Liu , Benlin Liu , Jiahui Wang , Yuhao Dong , Guangyi Chen , Yongming Rao , Ranjay Krishna , Jiwen Lu

Auto-regressive models (ARMs) have established a dominant paradigm in language modeling. However, their strictly sequential decoding paradigm imposes fundamental constraints on both inference efficiency and modeling flexibility. To address…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Yuyan Zhou , Kai Syun Hou , Weiyu Chen , James Kwok

One of the most striking findings in modern research on large language models (LLMs) is that scaling up compute during training leads to better results. However, less attention has been given to the benefits of scaling compute during…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Sean Welleck , Amanda Bertsch , Matthew Finlayson , Hailey Schoelkopf , Alex Xie , Graham Neubig , Ilia Kulikov , Zaid Harchaoui

Pre-trained models, especially self-supervised learning (SSL) models, have demonstrated impressive results in automatic speech recognition (ASR) task. While most applications of SSL models focus on leveraging continuous representations as…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-03 Zehan Li , Yan Yang , Xueqing Li , Jian Kang , Xiao-Lei Zhang , Jie Li

We introduce a simple, yet novel entropy-based framework to drive token efficiency in large language models during reasoning tasks. Our approach uses Shannon entropy from token-level logprobs as a confidence signal to enable early stopping,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Aman Sharma , Paras Chopra

Pretraining large language models (LLMs) on vast and heterogeneous datasets is crucial for achieving state-of-the-art performance across diverse downstream tasks. However, current training paradigms treat all samples equally, overlooking…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Daouda Sow , Herbert Woisetschläger , Saikiran Bulusu , Shiqiang Wang , Hans-Arno Jacobsen , Yingbin Liang

Video Large Language Models (Video-LLMs) excel at understanding videos in-context, provided they have full access to the video when answering queries. However, these models face challenges in streaming scenarios where hour-long videos must…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Vaggelis Dorovatas , Soroush Seifi , Gunshi Gupta , Rahaf Aljundi

Applying Reinforcement Learning (RL) to sequence generation models enables the direct optimization of long-term rewards (\textit{e.g.,} BLEU and human feedback), but typically requires large-scale sampling over a space of action sequences.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-07 Chenglong Wang , Hang Zhou , Yimin Hu , Yifu Huo , Bei Li , Tongran Liu , Tong Xiao , Jingbo Zhu

Advances in machine learning have made it possible to perform various text and speech processing tasks, such as automatic speech recognition (ASR), in an end-to-end (E2E) manner. E2E approaches utilizing pre-trained models are gaining…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-07 Yukiya Hono , Koh Mitsuda , Tianyu Zhao , Kentaro Mitsui , Toshiaki Wakatsuki , Kei Sawada

Both performance and efficiency are crucial factors for sequence labeling tasks in many real-world scenarios. Although the pre-trained models (PTMs) have significantly improved the performance of various sequence labeling tasks, their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Xiaonan Li , Yunfan Shao , Tianxiang Sun , Hang Yan , Xipeng Qiu , Xuanjing Huang

The emergence of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) solves the problems of vanishing gradient and exploding gradient in traditional Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN). LSTM, as a new type of RNN, has been widely used in various fields, such as text…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Sida Xing , Feihu Han , Suiyang Khoo

Extreme learning machine (ELM) as a neural network algorithm has shown its good performance, such as fast speed, simple structure etc, but also, weak robustness is an unavoidable defect in original ELM for blended data. We present a new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-09-24 Bo Han , Bo He , Rui Nian , Mengmeng Ma , Shujing Zhang , Minghui Li , Amaury Lendasse

Modern language model (LM) training has been divided into multiple stages, making it difficult for downstream developers to evaluate the impact of design choices made at each stage. We present EvoLM, a model suite that enables systematic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Zhenting Qi , Fan Nie , Alexandre Alahi , James Zou , Himabindu Lakkaraju , Yilun Du , Eric Xing , Sham Kakade , Hanlin Zhang

Post-training of Large Language Models (LLMs) is crucial for unlocking their task generalization potential and domain-specific capabilities. However, the current LLM post-training paradigm faces significant data challenges, including the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Junyu Luo , Bohan Wu , Xiao Luo , Zhiping Xiao , Yiqiao Jin , Rong-Cheng Tu , Nan Yin , Yifan Wang , Jingyang Yuan , Wei Ju , Ming Zhang

Despite the significant improvements achieved by large language models (LLMs) in English reasoning tasks, these models continue to struggle with multilingual reasoning. Recent studies leverage a full-parameter and two-stage training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Yuchun Fan , Yongyu Mu , Yilin Wang , Lei Huang , Junhao Ruan , Bei Li , Tong Xiao , Shujian Huang , Xiaocheng Feng , Jingbo Zhu

Large Language Models are increasingly being deployed in datacenters. Serving these models requires careful memory management, as their memory usage includes static weights, dynamic activations, and key-value caches. While static weights…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Jiale Xu , Rui Zhang , Yi Xiong , Cong Guo , Zihan Liu , Yangjie Zhou , Weiming Hu , Hao Wu , Changxu Shao , Ziqing Wang , Yongjie Yuan , Junping Zhao , Minyi Guo , Jingwen Leng

Recently, pre-trained language models mostly follow the pre-train-then-fine-tuning paradigm and have achieved great performance on various downstream tasks. However, since the pre-training stage is typically task-agnostic and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-08 Yuxian Gu , Zhengyan Zhang , Xiaozhi Wang , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been emerging as prominent AI models for solving many natural language tasks due to their high performance (e.g., accuracy) and capabilities in generating high-quality responses to the given inputs.…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Rachmad Vidya Wicaksana Putra , Pasindu Wickramasinghe , Muhammad Shafique

Large language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable skills across various domains. Understanding the mechanisms behind their abilities and implementing controls over them is becoming increasingly important for developing better…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Yongce Li , Chung-En Sun , Tsui-Wei Weng