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Quantum mechanics predicts the existence of intrinsically random processes. Contrary to classical randomness, this lack of predictability can not be attributed to ignorance or lack of control. Here we find the optimal method to quantify the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-07 Elsa Passaro , Daniel Cavalcanti , Paul Skrzypczyk , Antonio Acín

Bell nonlocality provides a device-independent (DI) way to certify quantum randomness, based on which true random numbers can be extracted from the observed correlations without detail characterizations on devices for quantum state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 Shuai Zhao , Rong Wang , Qi Zhao

In contrast with classical physics, in quantum physics some sets of measurements are incompatible in the sense that they can not be performed simultaneously. Among other applications, incompatibility allows for contextuality and Bell…

The verification of quantum devices is an important aspect of quantum information, especially with the emergence of more advanced experimental implementations of computation and secure communication. Within this, the theory of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-08 Ivan Šupić , Matty J. Hoban

We consider networks featuring preparation, transformation, and measurement devices, in which devices exchange communication via mediating physical systems. We investigate the problem of testing the dimension of the mediating systems in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-15 Joseph Bowles , Nicolas Brunner , Marcin Pawłowski

Generalised contextuality is the notion of nonclassicality powering up a myriad of quantum tasks, among which is the celebrated case of a two-party information processing task where classical information is compressed in a quantum channel,…

We show that the entropy of a message can be tested in a device-independent way. Specifically, we consider a prepare-and-measure scenario with classical or quantum communication, and develop two different methods for placing lower bounds on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-09 Rafael Chaves , Jonatan Bohr Brask , Nicolas Brunner

In this paper, we report an experiment about the device-independent tests of classical and quantum entropy based on a recent proposal [Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 110501 (2015)], in which the states are encoded on the polarization of a biphoton…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-01-04 Feng Zhu , Wei Zhang , Sijing Chen , Lixing You , Zhen Wang , Yidong Huang

We report the first experimental realization of an ''optimal'' quantum device able to perform a Minimal Disturbance Measurement (MDM) on polarization encoded qubits saturating the theoretical boundary established between the classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 F. Sciarrino , M. Ricci , F. De Martini , R. Filip , L. Mista

We introduce the concept of assemblage moment matrices, i.e., a collection of matrices of expectation values, each associated with a conditional quantum state obtained in a steering experiment. We demonstrate how it can be used for quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-06-20 Shin-Liang Chen , Costantino Budroni , Yeong-Cherng Liang , Yueh-Nan Chen

Certifying the entanglement of quantum states with Bell inequalities allows one to guarantee the security of quantum information protocols independently of imperfections in the measuring devices. Here we present a similar procedure for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-09-19 Adam Bennet , Tamás Vértesi , Dylan J. Saunders , Nicolas Brunner , G. J. Pryde

Quantum parameter estimation theory is an important component of quantum information theory and provides the statistical foundation that underpins important topics such as quantum system identification and quantum waveform estimation. When…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-24 Hendra I. Nurdin

We consider the problem of hypothesis testing for discrete distributions. In the standard model, where we have sample access to an underlying distribution $p$, extensive research has established optimal bounds for uniformity testing,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Maryam Aliakbarpour , Piotr Indyk , Ronitt Rubinfeld , Sandeep Silwal

Among the surprising features of quantum measurements, the problem of distinguishing and antidistinguishing general quantum measurements is fundamentally appealing. Unlike classical systems, quantum theory offers entangled states and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-19 Satyaki Manna , Sneha Suresh , Manan Singh Kachhawaha , Debashis Saha

It is important problem to clarify the class of implementable quantum measurements from both fundamental and applicable viewpoints. Positive-Operator-Valued Measure (POVM) measurements are implementable by the indirect measurement methods,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-07 Hayato Arai , Masahito Hayashi

The device-independent approach to physics is one where conclusions are drawn directly from the observed correlations between measurement outcomes. In quantum information, this approach allows one to make strong statements about the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-28 Pei-Sheng Lin , Denis Rosset , Yanbao Zhang , Jean-Daniel Bancal , Yeong-Cherng Liang

Identifying non-classicality unambiguously and inexpensively is a long-standing open challenge in physics. The No-Signalling-In-Time protocol was developed as an experimental test for macroscopic realism, and serves as a witness of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-28 George C. Knee , Max Marcus , Luke D. Smith , Animesh Datta

Device-independent self-testing is the possibility of certifying the quantum state and the measurements, up to local isometries, using only the statistics observed by querying uncharacterized local devices. In this paper, we study parallel…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-06-29 Xingyao Wu , Jean-Daniel Bancal , Matthew McKague , Valerio Scarani

It is a well-known fact that the optimal POVM for quantum state tomography is the symmetric, informationally complete, positive operator valued measure (SIC-POVM). We investigate the same problem only in the case when there are some a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-11-23 Dénes Petz , László Ruppert

Self-testing is a method to certify devices from the result of a Bell test. Although examples of noise tolerant self-testing are known, it is not clear how to deal efficiently with a finite number of experimental trials to certify the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-03 Jean-Daniel Bancal , Kai Redeker , Pavel Sekatski , Wenjamin Rosenfeld , Nicolas Sangouard