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Multimodal Sentiment Analysis (MSA) aims to infer human sentiment from textual, acoustic, and visual signals. In real-world scenarios, however, multimodal inputs are often compromised by dynamic noise or modality missingness. Existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Yitong Zhu , Yuxuan Jiang , Guanxuan Jiang , Bojing Hou , Peng Yuan Zhou , Ge Lin Kan , Yuyang Wang

The advancement of deep learning has led to the emergence of Mixture-of-Experts (MoEs) models, known for their dynamic allocation of computational resources based on input. Despite their promise, MoEs face challenges, particularly in terms…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Alexandre Muzio , Alex Sun , Churan He

The sigmoid gate in mixture-of-experts (MoE) models has been empirically shown to outperform the softmax gate across several tasks, ranging from approximating feed-forward networks to language modeling. Additionally, recent efforts have…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-03 Tuan Minh Pham , Thinh Cao , Viet Nguyen , Huy Nguyen , Nhat Ho , Alessandro Rinaldo

With the widespread application of Mixture of Experts (MoE) reasoning models in the field of LLM learning, efficiently serving MoE models under limited GPU memory constraints has emerged as a significant challenge. Offloading the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Songkai Ma , Zhaorui Zhang , Sheng Di , Benben Liu , Xiaodong Yu , Xiaoyi Lu , Dan Wang

Larger networks generally have greater representational power at the cost of increased computational complexity. Sparsifying such networks has been an active area of research but has been generally limited to static regularization or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-15 Xin Wang , Fisher Yu , Lisa Dunlap , Yi-An Ma , Ruth Wang , Azalia Mirhoseini , Trevor Darrell , Joseph E. Gonzalez

A sparse Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture has emerged as a highly scalable solution by conditionally activating sub-modules without a proportional increase in computational costs. However, improving expert specialization to enhance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Sugyeong Eo , Jungjun Lee , Chanjun Park , Heuiseok Lim

To meet the growing demand for smarter, faster, and more efficient embodied AI solutions, we introduce a novel Mixture-of-Expert (MoE) method that significantly boosts reasoning and learning efficiency for embodied autonomous systems.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Lu Xu , Jiaqian Yu , Xiongfeng Peng , Yiwei Chen , Weiming Li , Jaewook Yoo , Sunghyun Chunag , Dongwook Lee , Daehyun Ji , Chao Zhang

Making sense of multiple modalities can yield a more comprehensive description of real-world phenomena. However, learning the co-representation of diverse modalities is still a long-standing endeavor in emerging machine learning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-21 Jinzhao Zhou , Yiqun Duan , Zhihong Chen , Yu-Cheng Chang , Chin-Teng Lin

Sparse Mixture of Experts (SMoE) enables scalable parameter growth in large language models (LLMs) by selectively activating a subset of experts, and its large parameter count necessitates distributed deployment for inference. However,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Yu Han , Lehan Pan , Jie Peng , Ziyang Tao , Hanqi Zhu , Wuyang Zhang , Yanyong Zhang

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models have emerged as a promising direction for scaling vision architectures efficiently. Among them, Soft MoE improves training stability by assigning each token to all experts via continuous dispatch weights.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Chengxi Min , Wei Wang , Yahui Liu , Weixin Ye , Enver Sangineto , Qi Wang , Yao Zhao

Estimating accurate and well-calibrated predictive uncertainty is important for enhancing the reliability of computer vision models, especially in safety-critical applications like traffic scene perception. While ensemble methods are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Svetlana Pavlitska , Beyza Keskin , Alwin Faßbender , Christian Hubschneider , J. Marius Zöllner

In the domain of facial recognition security, multimodal Face Anti-Spoofing (FAS) is essential for countering presentation attacks. However, existing technologies encounter challenges due to modality biases and imbalances, as well as domain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Yingjie Ma , Zitong Yu , Xun Lin , Weicheng Xie , Linlin Shen

Accurate univariate forecasting remains a pressing need in real-world systems, such as energy markets, hydrology, retail demand, and IoT monitoring, where signals are often intermittent and horizons span both short- and long-term. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Kyrylo Yemets , Mykola Lukashchuk , Ivan Izonin

Intelligent fault-tolerant (FT) computing has recently demonstrated significant advantages in predicting and diagnosing faults proactively, thereby ensuring reliable service delivery. However, due to the heterogeneity of fault knowledge,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Wenjing Xiao , Wenhao Song , Miaojiang Chen , Min Chen

Sparse Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures route each token through a subset of experts at each layer independently. We propose viewing MoE computation through the lens of \emph{expert paths} -- the sequence of expert selections a token…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Zijin Gu , Tatiana Likhomanenko , Vimal Thilak , Jason Ramapuram , Navdeep Jaitly

The demonstrated success of sparsely-gated Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures, exemplified by models such as DeepSeek and Grok, has motivated researchers to investigate their adaptation to diverse domains. In real-world image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Xiao He , Zhijun Tu , Kun Cheng , Mingrui Zhu , Jie Hu , Nannan Wang , Xinbo Gao

The computational cost associated with high-fidelity CFD simulations remains a significant bottleneck in the automotive design and optimization cycle. While ML-based surrogate models have emerged as a promising alternative to accelerate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Mohammad Amin Nabian , Sanjay Choudhry

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) excel at vision-language tasks, but they suffer from high computational inefficiency. To reduce inference overhead, expert skipping methods have been proposed to deactivate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yushi Huang , Zining Wang , Zhihang Yuan , Yifu Ding , Ruihao Gong , Jinyang Guo , Xianglong Liu , Jun Zhang

Sparse Mixtures of Experts (SMoE) scales model capacity without significant increases in training and inference costs, but exhibits the following two issues: (1) Low expert activation, where only a small subset of experts are activated for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Xun Wu , Shaohan Huang , Wenhui Wang , Furu Wei

Sparse Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models offer a powerful way to scale model size without increasing compute, as per-token FLOPs depend only on k active experts rather than the total pool of E experts. Yet, this asymmetry creates an MoE…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Linghao Jin , Chufan Shi , Huijuan Wang , Nuan Wen , Zhengzhong Liu , Eric Xing , Xuezhe Ma