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Deriving multimodal representations of audio and lexical inputs is a central problem in Natural Language Understanding (NLU). In this paper, we present Contrastive Aligned Audio-Language Multirate and Multimodal Representations (CALM), an…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-09 Vin Sachidananda , Shao-Yen Tseng , Erik Marchi , Sachin Kajarekar , Panayiotis Georgiou

Research on Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) often faces challenges such as the lack of large-scale public datasets and limited generalization capability when dealing with data from different distributions. To solve this problem, this paper…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Xiang minjie

In traditional audio captioning methods, a model is usually trained in a fully supervised manner using a human-annotated dataset containing audio-text pairs and then evaluated on the test sets from the same dataset. Such methods have two…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Yiming Zhang , Xuenan Xu , Ruoyi Du , Haohe Liu , Yuan Dong , Zheng-Hua Tan , Wenwu Wang , Zhanyu Ma

Generalist Vision-Language-Action models are currently hindered by the scarcity of robotic data compared to the abundance of human video demonstrations. Existing Latent Action Models attempt to leverage video data but often suffer from…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Chubin Zhang , Jianan Wang , Zifeng Gao , Yue Su , Tianru Dai , Cai Zhou , Jiwen Lu , Yansong Tang

Dual-encoder-based audio retrieval systems are commonly optimized with contrastive learning on a set of matching and mismatching audio-caption pairs. This leads to a shared embedding space in which corresponding items from the two…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-22 Paul Primus , Florian Schmid , Gerhard Widmer

Text embedding models play a crucial role in natural language processing, particularly in information retrieval, and their importance is further highlighted with the recent utilization of RAG (Retrieval- Augmented Generation). This study…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Jeongsu Yu

Audio-text retrieval is a challenging task, requiring the search for an audio clip or a text caption within a database. The predominant focus of existing research on English descriptions poses a limitation on the applicability of such…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Zhiyong Yan , Heinrich Dinkel , Yongqing Wang , Jizhong Liu , Junbo Zhang , Yujun Wang , Bin Wang

Universal sound separation (USS) aims to extract arbitrary types of sounds from real-world recordings. This can be achieved by language-queried target sound extraction (TSE), which typically consists of two components: a query network that…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-24 Hao Ma , Zhiyuan Peng , Xu Li , Mingjie Shao , Xixin Wu , Ju Liu

Learning to associate audio with textual descriptions is valuable for a range of tasks, including pretraining, zero-shot classification, audio retrieval, audio captioning, and text-conditioned audio generation. Existing contrastive…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-13 Paul Primus , Florian Schmid , Gerhard Widmer

Conventional automatic word-naming recognition systems struggle to recognize words from post-stroke patients with aphasia because of disfluencies and mispronunciations, limiting reliable automated assessment in this population. In this…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-17 Yacouba Kaloga , Marina Laganaro , Ina Kodrasi

Modeling temporal characteristics plays a significant role in the representation learning of audio waveform. We propose Contrastive Long-form Language-Audio Pretraining (\textbf{CoLLAP}) to significantly extend the perception window for…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Junda Wu , Warren Li , Zachary Novack , Amit Namburi , Carol Chen , Julian McAuley

Methods based on Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) are nowadays extensively used in support of vision-and-language tasks involving remote sensing data, such as cross-modal retrieval. The adaptation of CLIP to this specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-01 João Daniel Silva , Joao Magalhaes , Devis Tuia , Bruno Martins

Existing multilingual embedding models often encounter challenges in cross-lingual scenarios due to imbalanced linguistic resources and less consideration of cross-lingual alignment during training. Although standardized contrastive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Seungyoon Lee , Minhyuk Kim , Seongtae Hong , Youngjoon Jang , Dongsuk Oh , Heuiseok Lim

Photo search, the task of retrieving images based on textual queries, has witnessed significant advancements with the introduction of CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining) model. CLIP leverages a vision-language pre training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Naresh Kumar Lahajal , Harini S

Previous contrastive learning methods for sentence representations often focus on insensitive transformations to produce positive pairs, but neglect the role of sensitive transformations that are harmful to semantic representations.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Jie Liu , Yixuan Liu , Xue Han , Chao Deng , Junlan Feng

Speech encodes paralinguistic information such as demographics, voice quality, and health. Yet no audio foundation model supports zero-shot or out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization to these tasks. We introduce SLAP (Speaker contrastive…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-03 Angelika Ando , Auguste Crabeil , Adrien Lesage , Rachid Riad

This paper proposes a method for unsupervised anomalous sound detection (UASD) and captioning the reason for detection. While there is a method that captions the difference between given normal and anomalous sound pairs, it is assumed to be…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-30 Ryoya Ogura , Tomoya Nishida , Yohei Kawaguchi

Binary code representation learning has shown significant performance in binary analysis tasks. But existing solutions often have poor transferability, particularly in few-shot and zero-shot scenarios where few or no training samples are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Hao Wang , Zeyu Gao , Chao Zhang , Zihan Sha , Mingyang Sun , Yuchen Zhou , Wenyu Zhu , Wenju Sun , Han Qiu , Xi Xiao

Open-vocabulary audio-language models, like CLAP, offer a promising approach for zero-shot audio classification (ZSAC) by enabling classification with any arbitrary set of categories specified with natural language prompts. In this paper,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-17 Sreyan Ghosh , Sonal Kumar , Chandra Kiran Reddy Evuru , Oriol Nieto , Ramani Duraiswami , Dinesh Manocha

Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) is a challenging task due to limited data and blurred boundaries of certain emotions. In this paper, we present a comprehensive approach to improve the SER performance throughout the model lifecycle,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-01 Xuechen Wang , Shiwan Zhao , Yong Qin