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Named entity recognition (NER) is one of the tasks in natural language processing that can greatly benefit from the use of external knowledge sources. We propose a named entity recognition framework composed of knowledge-based feature…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-07 Sławomir Dadas

Recognizing entities in texts is a central need in many information-seeking scenarios, and indeed, Named Entity Recognition (NER) is arguably one of the most successful examples of a widely adopted NLP task and corresponding NLP technology.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Uri Katz , Matan Vetzler , Amir DN Cohen , Yoav Goldberg

Retrieval-based language models are increasingly employed in question-answering tasks. These models search in a corpus of documents for relevant information instead of having all factual knowledge stored in its parameters, thereby enhancing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Lucas Georges Gabriel Charpentier , Sondre Wold , David Samuel , Egil Rønningstad

Named entity recognition (NER) is a fundamental task in natural language processing that involves identifying and classifying entities in sentences into pre-defined types. It plays a crucial role in various research fields, including entity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Dongsheng Wang , Xiaoqin Feng , Zeming Liu , Chuan Wang

Retrieval augmentation is critical when Language Models (LMs) exploit non-parametric knowledge related to the query through external knowledge bases before reasoning. The retrieved information is incorporated into LMs as context alongside…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Mingzhu Wang , Yuzhe Zhang , Qihang Zhao , Junyi Yang , Hong Zhang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a fundamental paradigm for expanding Large Language Models beyond their static training limitations. However, a critical misalignment exists between current RAG capabilities and real-world…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Zirui Guo , Xubin Ren , Lingrui Xu , Jiahao Zhang , Chao Huang

With increasing applications in areas such as biomedical information extraction pipelines and social media analytics, Named Entity Recognition (NER) has become an indispensable tool for knowledge extraction. However, with the gradual shift…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-30 Supriti Vijay , Aman Priyanshu

Large Language Models (LLMs) showcase impressive capabilities but encounter challenges like hallucination, outdated knowledge, and non-transparent, untraceable reasoning processes. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Yunfan Gao , Yun Xiong , Xinyu Gao , Kangxiang Jia , Jinliu Pan , Yuxi Bi , Yi Dai , Jiawei Sun , Meng Wang , Haofen Wang

Named Entity Recognition (NER) aims to extract and classify entity mentions in the text into pre-defined types (e.g., organization or person name). Recently, many works have been proposed to shape the NER as a machine reading comprehension…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-21 Yibo Wang , Wenting Zhao , Yao Wan , Zhongfen Deng , Philip S. Yu

Current vision-language models (VLMs) still exhibit inferior performance on knowledge-intensive tasks, primarily due to the challenge of accurately encoding all the associations between visual objects and scenes to their corresponding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Jingyuan Qi , Zhiyang Xu , Rulin Shao , Yang Chen , Jin Di , Yu Cheng , Qifan Wang , Lifu Huang

Named-entity recognition (NER) detects texts with predefined semantic labels and is an essential building block for natural language processing (NLP). Notably, recent NER research focuses on utilizing massive extra data, including…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Yuxiang Zhang , Junjie Wang , Xinyu Zhu , Tetsuya Sakai , Hayato Yamana

One major challenge in natural language processing is named entity recognition (NER), which identifies and categorises named entities in textual input. In order to improve NER, this study investigates a Hindi NER technique that makes use of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Sumit Singh , Rohit Mishra , Uma Shanker Tiwary

Most state-of-the-art models for named entity recognition (NER) rely on the availability of large amounts of labeled data, making them challenging to extend to new, lower-resourced languages. However, there are now several proposed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-27 Aditi Chaudhary , Jiateng Xie , Zaid Sheikh , Graham Neubig , Jaime G. Carbonell

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities across diverse tasks, yet they face inherent limitations such as constrained parametric knowledge and high retraining costs. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) augments the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Leqian Li , Dianxi Shi , Jialu Zhou , Xinyu Wei , Mingyue Yang , Songchang Jin , Shaowu Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable reasoning capabilities, while their practical applications are limited by severe factual hallucinations due to limitations in the timeliness, accuracy, and comprehensiveness of their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Xinyan Guan , Jiali Zeng , Fandong Meng , Chunlei Xin , Yaojie Lu , Hongyu Lin , Xianpei Han , Le Sun , Jie Zhou

Large language models equipped with retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) represent a burgeoning field aimed at enhancing answering capabilities by leveraging external knowledge bases. Although the application of RAG with language-only…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Cheng Tan , Jingxuan Wei , Linzhuang Sun , Zhangyang Gao , Siyuan Li , Bihui Yu , Ruifeng Guo , Stan Z. Li

In-context learning (ICL) with large language models (LLMs) has emerged as a promising paradigm for named entity recognition (NER) in low-resource scenarios. However, existing ICL-based NER methods suffer from three key limitations: (1)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Wenxuan Mu , Jinzhong Ning , Di Zhao , Yijia Zhang

Retrieval-augmented language models (RaLM) have demonstrated the potential to solve knowledge-intensive natural language processing (NLP) tasks by combining a non-parametric knowledge base with a parametric language model. Instead of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-26 Zhihao Zhang , Alan Zhu , Lijie Yang , Yihua Xu , Lanting Li , Phitchaya Mangpo Phothilimthana , Zhihao Jia

Despite the recent advancement in Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems, most retrieval methodologies are often developed for factual retrieval, which assumes query and positive documents are semantically similar. In this paper, we…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Luo Ji , Feixiang Guo , Teng Chen , Qingqing Gu , Xiaoyu Wang , Ningyuan Xi , Yihong Wang , Peng Yu , Yue Zhao , Hongyang Lei , Zhonglin Jiang , Yong Chen

Named entity recognition (NER) for identifying proper nouns in unstructured text is one of the most important and fundamental tasks in natural language processing. However, despite the widespread use of NER models, they still require a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-23 Zhifeng Hao , Di Lv , Zijian Li , Ruichu Cai , Wen Wen , Boyan Xu