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Classical or quantum physical systems can simulate the Ising Hamiltonian for large-scale optimization and machine learning. However, devices such as quantum annealers and coherent Ising machines suffer an exponential drop in the probability…

Optics · Physics 2024-01-09 Marcello Calvanese Strinati , Claudio Conti

The concept of Perpendicular Shape-Anisotropy Spin-Transfer-Torque Magnetic Random-Access Memory tackles the downsize scalability limit of conventional ultrathin magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ) below sub-20 nm technological nodes. This…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-12-11 N. Caçoilo , L. D. Buda-Prejbeanu , B. Dieny , O. Fruchart , I. L. Prejbeanu

Battery-less technology evolved to replace battery usage in space, deep mines, and other environments to reduce cost and pollution. Non-volatile memory (NVM) based processors were explored for saving the system state during a power failure.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-05-18 SatyaJaswanth Badri , Mukesh Saini , Neeraj Goel

Electric-field control of magnetization dynamics is fundamentally and technologically important for future spintronic devices. Here, based on electric-field control of both magnetic anisotropy and spin--orbit torque, two distinct methods…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-09-15 Takahiro Chiba , Takashi Komine

The Ising model is of prime importance in the field of statistical mechanics. Here we show that Ising-type interactions can be realized in periodically-driven circuits of stochastic binary resistors with memory. A key feature of our…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-10-03 V. J. Dowling , Y. V. Pershin

Efficient machine learning inference is essential for the rapid adoption of artificial intelligence across various domains.On-chip optical computing has emerged as a transformative solution for accelerating machine learning tasks, owing to…

Topology optimization is an essential tool in computational engineering, for example, to improve the design and efficiency of flow channels. At the same time, Ising machines, including digital or quantum annealers, have been used as…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Yudai Suzuki , Shiori Aoki , Fabian Key , Katsuhiro Endo , Yoshiki Matsuda , Shu Tanaka , Marek Behr , Mayu Muramatsu

The dynamical behaviour of complex quantum systems can be harnessed for information processing. With this aim, quantum reservoir computing (QRC) with Ising spin networks was recently introduced as a quantum version of classical reservoir…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-14 R. Martínez-Peña , J. Nokkala , G. L. Giorgi , R. Zambrini , M. C. Soriano

Memristors are non-volatile nano-resistors. Their resistance can be tuned by applied currents or voltages and set to a large number of levels between two limit values. Thanks to these properties, memristors are ideal building blocks for a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-05-26 Steven Lequeux , Joao Sampaio , Vincent Cros , Kay Yakushiji , Akio Fukushima , Rie Matsumoto , Hitoshi Kubota , Shinji Yuasa , Julie Grollier

Spintronic devices have been widely studied for the hardware realization of artificial neurons. The stochastic switching of magnetic tunnel junction driven by the spin torque is commonly used to produce the sigmoid activation function.…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Yue Xin , Kang Zhou , Xuanyao Fong , Yumeng Yang , Shenghua Gao , Zhifeng Zhu

We present a new way to make Ising machines, i.e., using networks of coupled self-sustaining nonlinear oscillators. Our scheme is theoretically rooted in a novel result that establishes that the phase dynamics of coupled oscillator systems,…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-03-19 Tianshi Wang , Jaijeet Roychowdhury

Data-parallel applications, such as data analytics, machine learning, and scientific computing, are placing an ever-growing demand on floating-point operations per second on emerging systems. With increasing integration density, the quest…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-10-09 Florian Zaruba , Fabian Schuiki , Torsten Hoefler , Luca Benini

In-materio computing exploits the intrinsic physical dynamics of materials to perform complex computations, enabling low-power, real-time data processing by embedding computation directly within physical layers. Here, we demonstrate a…

The Ising model provides a natural mapping for many computationally hard combinatorial optimization problems (COPs). Consequently, dynamical system-inspired computing models and hardware platforms that minimize the Ising Hamiltonian, have…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-11-11 Mohammad Khairul Bashar , Nikhil Shukla

We contribute to the mathematical theory of the design of low temperature Ising machines, a type of experimental probabilistic computing device implementing the Ising model. Encoding the output of a function in the ground state of a…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Andrew G. Moore , Zachary Richey , Isaac K. Martin

The photonic Ising machine is a new paradigm of optical computing that takes advantage of the unique properties of light wave propagation, parallel processing, and low-loss transmission. Thus, the process of solving combinatorial…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Jiayi Ouyang , Yuxuan Liao , Zhiyao Ma , Deyang Kong , Xue Feng , Xiang Zhang , Xiaowen Dong , Kaiyu Cui , Fang Liu , Wei Zhang , Yidong Huang

A modern graphics processing unit (GPU) is able to perform massively parallel scientific computations at low cost. We extend our implementation of the checkerboard algorithm for the two dimensional Ising model [T. Preis et al., J. Comp.…

Computational Physics · Physics 2010-07-22 Benjamin Block , Peter Virnau , Tobias Preis

We investigate the efficient learning of magnetic phases using artificial neural networks trained on synthetic data, combining computational simplicity with physics-informed strategies. Focusing on the diluted Ising model, which lacks an…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-04-29 Agustin Medina , Marcelo Arlego , Carlos A. Lamas

Spintronic neurons which emit sharp voltage spikes are required for the realization of hardware neural networks enabling fast data processing with low-power consumption. In many neuroscience and computer science models, neurons are…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2019-05-08 Rie Matsumoto , Steven Lequeux , Hiroshi Imamura , Julie Grollier

The human brain, with its energy-efficient and massively parallel architecture seamlessly integrates memory and computation. Its topology and functionality serve as the inspiration for the field of neuromorphic computing. Realizing…