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Shapley values underlie one of the most popular model-agnostic methods within explainable artificial intelligence. These values are designed to attribute the difference between a model's prediction and an average baseline to the different…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Tom Heskes , Evi Sijben , Ioan Gabriel Bucur , Tom Claassen

The Tactile Internet (TI) requires ultra-low latency and reliable haptic signal transmission, yet packet loss and delay remain unresolved challenges. We present a novel prediction framework that integrates Gaussian Processes (GP) with a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-27 Mohammad Ali Vahedifar , Qi Zhang

Originally introduced in cooperative game theory, Shapley values have become a very popular tool to explain machine learning predictions. Based on Shapley's fairness axioms, every input (feature component) gets a credit how it contributes…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-19 Michael Mayer , Mario V. Wüthrich

Feature attributions based on the Shapley value are popular for explaining machine learning models; however, their estimation is complex from both a theoretical and computational standpoint. We disentangle this complexity into two factors:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-18 Hugh Chen , Ian C. Covert , Scott M. Lundberg , Su-In Lee

Feature selection is a classical problem in statistics and machine learning, and it continues to remain an extremely challenging problem especially in the context of unknown non-linear relationships with dependent features. On the other…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-17 Chenghui Zheng , Garvesh Raskutti

As a solution concept in cooperative game theory, Shapley value is highly recognized in model interpretability studies and widely adopted by the leading Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS) providers, such as Google, Microsoft, and IBM.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Xinjian Luo , Yangfan Jiang , Xiaokui Xiao

Shapley value is a widely used tool in explainable artificial intelligence (XAI), as it provides a principled way to attribute contributions of input features to model outputs. However, estimation of Shapley value requires capturing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Cheng Lu , Jiusun Zeng , Yu Xia , Jinhui Cai , Shihua Luo

This research presents a predictive model to identify potential targets of activist investment funds--entities that acquire significant corporate stakes to influence strategic and operational decisions, ultimately enhancing shareholder…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Minwu Kim , Sidahmed Benabderrahmane , Talal Rahwan

Predictions are the currency of a machine learning model, and to understand the model's behavior over segments of a dataset, or over time, is an important problem in machine learning research and practice. There currently is no systematic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-17 Aalok Shanbhag , Avijit Ghosh , Josh Rubin

The Shapley value is a game-theoretic notion for wealth distribution that is nowadays extensively used to explain complex data-intensive computation, for instance, in network analysis or machine learning. Recent theoretical works show that…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Daniel Deutch , Nave Frost , Benny Kimelfeld , Mikaël Monet

We introduce a new Shapley value approach for global sensitivity analysis and machine learning explainability. The method is based on the first-order partial derivatives of the underlying function. The computational complexity of the method…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Hui Duan , Giray Ökten

Automated data preparation pipeline construction is critical for machine learning success, yet existing methods suffer from two fundamental limitations: they treat pipeline construction as black-box optimization without quantifying…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Jing Chang , Chang Liu , Jinbin Huang , Shuyuan Zheng , Rui Mao , Jianbin Qin

Existing research on data valuation in federated and swarm learning focuses on valuing client contributions and works best when data across clients is independent and identically distributed (IID). In practice, data is rarely distributed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Konstantin D. Pandl , Chun-Yin Huang , Ivan Beschastnikh , Xiaoxiao Li , Scott Thiebes , Ali Sunyaev

Shapley values are great analytical tools in game theory to measure the importance of a player in a game. Due to their axiomatic and desirable properties such as efficiency, they have become popular for feature importance analysis in data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Ramin Okhrati , Aldo Lipani

Although Shapley values have been shown to be highly effective for identifying harmful training instances, dataset size and model complexity constraints limit the ability to apply Shapley-based data valuation to fine-tuning large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Stephanie Schoch , Ritwick Mishra , Yangfeng Ji

Shapley values have several desirable, theoretically well-supported, properties for explaining black-box model predictions. Traditionally, Shapley values are computed post-hoc, leading to additional computational cost at inference time. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Amr Alkhatib , Roman Bresson , Henrik Boström , Michalis Vazirgiannis

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training while preserving the privacy of raw data. A challenge in this framework is the fair and efficient valuation of data, which is crucial for incentivizing clients to contribute…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Wenqian Li , Shuran Fu , Fengrui Zhang , Yan Pang

Multivariate time-series models achieve strong predictive performance in healthcare, industry, energy, and finance, but how they combine cross-variable interactions with temporal dynamics remains unclear. SHapley Additive exPlanations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Jinwoong Kim , Sangjin Park

Shapley value is a popular approach for measuring the influence of individual features. While Shapley feature attribution is built upon desiderata from game theory, some of its constraints may be less natural in certain machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-28 Yongchan Kwon , James Zou

Quantifying the importance of each training point to a learning task is a fundamental problem in machine learning and the estimated importance scores have been leveraged to guide a range of data workflows such as data summarization and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Ruoxi Jia , Fan Wu , Xuehui Sun , Jiacen Xu , David Dao , Bhavya Kailkhura , Ce Zhang , Bo Li , Dawn Song
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