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During the last two years there has been a plethora of large generative models such as ChatGPT or Stable Diffusion that have been published. Concretely, these models are able to perform tasks such as being a general question and answering…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-13 Roberto Gozalo-Brizuela , Eduardo C. Garrido-Merchan

Artificial intelligence (AI) is often presented as a key tool for addressing societal challenges, such as climate change. At the same time, AI's environmental footprint is expanding increasingly. This report describes the systemic…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Julian Schön , Lena Hoffmann , Nikolas Becker

Diffusion models have revolutionized generative AI, with their inherent capacity to generate highly realistic state-of-the-art synthetic data. However, these models employ an iterative denoising process over computationally intensive layers…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Tharini Suresh , Salma Afifi , Sudeep Pasricha

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) models such as ChatGPT have experienced a surge in popularity, attracting 100 million active users in 2 months and generating an estimated 10 million daily queries. Despite this remarkable adoption,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Stefanie Krause , Bhumi Hitesh Panchal , Nikhil Ubhe

Diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable performance in generation tasks. Nevertheless, explaining the diffusion process remains challenging due to it being a sequence of denoising noisy images that are difficult for experts to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Ji-Hoon Park , Yeong-Joon Ju , Seong-Whan Lee

The democratization of generative AI introduces new forms of human-AI interaction and raises urgent safety, ethical, and cybersecurity concerns. We develop a socio-technical explanation for how generative AI enables and scales cybercrime.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Truong Jack Luu , Binny M. Samuel

As AI capabilities and deployment accelerate toward a post-AGI era, concerns are growing about electricity demand and carbon emissions from AI computing, yet it is rarely represented explicitly in long term energy-economy-climate scenario…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Doyi Kim , Jiseok Ahn , Haewon McJeon , Changick Kim

Text-to-audio models have recently emerged as a powerful technology for generating sound from textual descriptions. However, their high computational demands raise concerns about energy consumption and environmental impact. In this paper,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-17 Riccardo Passoni , Francesca Ronchini , Luca Comanducci , Romain Serizel , Fabio Antonacci

The rapidly growing computational demands of diffusion models for image generation have raised significant concerns about energy consumption and environmental impact. While existing approaches to energy optimization focus on architectural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Aniketh Iyengar , Jiaqi Han , Boris Ruf , Vincent Grari , Marcin Detyniecki , Stefano Ermon

Climate change is one of the most pressing challenges of our time, requiring rapid action across society. As artificial intelligence tools (AI) are rapidly deployed, it is therefore crucial to understand how they will impact climate action.…

Generative AI is spreading rapidly, creating significant social and economic value while also raising concerns about its high energy use and environmental sustainability. While prior studies have predominantly focused on the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Min-Kyu Kim , Tae-An Yoo , Ji-Bum Chung

Generative AI is transforming higher education, yet systematic evidence on student adoption, usage patterns, and perceived learning impacts remains scarce. Using survey data from a selective U.S. college, we document rapid generative-AI…

General Economics · Economics 2026-04-17 Zara Contractor , Germán Reyes

This paper investigates the transformative potential of Generative AI (Gen-AI) technologies, particularly large language models, within the building industry. By leveraging these advanced AI tools, the study explores their application…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Hanlong Wan , Jian Zhang , Yan Chen , Weili Xu , Fan Feng

The climate impact of AI, and NLP research in particular, has become a serious issue given the enormous amount of energy that is increasingly being used for training and running computational models. Consequently, increasing focus is placed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Daniel Hershcovich , Nicolas Webersinke , Mathias Kraus , Julia Anna Bingler , Markus Leippold

Recent advancements in artificial intelligence, such as computer vision and deep learning, have led to the emergence of numerous generative AI platforms, particularly for image generation. However, the application of AI-generated image…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Yuying Tang , Mariana Ciancia , Zhigang Wang , Ze Gao

Integrating generative AI (GAI) into higher education is crucial for preparing a future generation of GAI-literate students. Yet a thorough understanding of the global institutional adoption policy remains absent, with most of the prior…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Yueqiao Jin , Lixiang Yan , Vanessa Echeverria , Dragan Gašević , Roberto Martinez-Maldonado

Although generative artificial intelligence (AI) is not new, recent technological breakthroughs have transformed its capabilities across many domains. These changes necessitate new attention from educators and specialized training within…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Maria J. Molina , Amy McGovern , Jhayron S. Perez-Carrasquilla , Xiaowen Li , Robin L. Tanamachi

Cross-Modal learning tasks have picked up pace in recent times. With plethora of applications in diverse areas, generation of novel content using multiple modalities of data has remained a challenging problem. To address the same, various…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Nikhil Verma

The rapid expansion of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has intensified concerns about its environmental sustainability. Current assessments focus on operational carbon emissions using secondary data, overlooking impacts in other life cycle…

The success of agricultural artificial intelligence depends heavily on large, diverse, and high-quality plant image datasets, yet collecting such data in real field conditions is costly, labor intensive, and seasonally constrained. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Da Tan , Michael Beck , Christopher P. Bidinosti , Robert H. Gulden , Christopher J. Henry