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Vision-language models have demonstrated impressive capabilities as computer-use agents (CUAs) capable of automating diverse computer tasks. As their commercial potential grows, critical details of the most capable CUA systems remain…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance improvements and the ability to learn domain-specific languages (DSLs), including APIs and tool interfaces. This capability has enabled the creation of AI agents that can…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Charles Fleming , Luca Muscariello , Vijoy Pandey , Ramana Kompella

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has paved the way for the development of highly capable autonomous agents. However, existing multi-agent frameworks often struggle with integrating diverse capable third-party agents due…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Weize Chen , Ziming You , Ran Li , Yitong Guan , Chen Qian , Chenyang Zhao , Cheng Yang , Ruobing Xie , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Large language model (LLM)-powered agents are increasingly used to plan and execute scientific workflows, yet most research cyberinfrastructure (CI) exposes heterogeneous APIs and implements security models that present barriers for use by…

Agents for computer use (ACUs) are an emerging class of systems capable of executing complex tasks on digital devices -- such as desktops, mobile phones, and web platforms -- given instructions in natural language. These agents can automate…

In the artificial intelligence space, as we transition from isolated large language models to autonomous agents capable of complex reasoning and tool use. While foundational architectures and local context management protocols have been…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Naveen Kumar Krishnan

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have enabled computer use agents (CUAs) that operate GUIs autonomously, showing great potential, yet progress is limited by the lack of large-scale, open-source computer use data and foundation models. In this…

This paper envisions a revolutionary AIOS-Agent ecosystem, where Large Language Model (LLM) serves as the (Artificial) Intelligent Operating System (IOS, or AIOS)--an operating system "with soul". Upon this foundation, a diverse range of…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Yingqiang Ge , Yujie Ren , Wenyue Hua , Shuyuan Xu , Juntao Tan , Yongfeng Zhang

Computer-use agents face a fundamental limitation. They rely exclusively on primitive GUI actions (click, type, scroll), creating brittle execution chains prone to cascading failures. While API-driven agents harness rich capabilities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yuhao Yang , Zhen Yang , Zi-Yi Dou , Anh Nguyen , Keen You , Omar Attia , Andrew Szot , Michael Feng , Ram Ramrakhya , Alexander Toshev , Chao Huang , Yinfei Yang , Zhe Gan

The integration of large language models (LLMs) into scientific research is accelerating the realization of autonomous ``AI Scientists.'' While recent advancements have empowered AI to formulate hypotheses and design experiments, a critical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-27 Masaki Shiraishi , Ikko Hamamura , Tatsuya Ishigaki , Tadashi Kadowaki

(M)LLM-powered computer use agents (CUA) are emerging as a transformative technique to automate human-computer interaction. However, existing CUA benchmarks predominantly target GUI agents, whose evaluation methods are susceptible to UI…

The interaction context (or environment) is key to any HCI task and especially to adaptive user interfaces (AUIs), since it represents the conditions under which users interact with computers. Unfortunately, there are currently no formal…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Mateusz Dubiel , Bereket Abera Yilma , Kayhan Latifzadeh , Luis A. Leiva

The Model Context Protocol (MCP) is rapidly emerging as a pivotal open standard, designed to enhance agent-tool integration and interoperability, and is positioned to unlock a new era of powerful, interconnected, and genuinely utilitarian…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Zikang Guo , Benfeng Xu , Chiwei Zhu , Wentao Hong , Xiaorui Wang , Zhendong Mao

The internet is undergoing a historical transformation from the "Internet of Websites" to the "Internet of AgentSites." While traditional Websites served as the foundation for information hosting and dissemination, a new frontier is…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Xiang Zhang , Yongfeng Zhang

Computer-use agents operate over long horizons under noisy perception, multi-window contexts, evolving environment states. Existing approaches, from RL-based planners to trajectory retrieval, often drift from user intent and repeatedly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Seoyoung Lee , Seobin Yoon , Seongbeen Lee , Yoojung Chun , Dayoung Park , Doyeon Kim , Joo Yong Sim

Computer use agents (CUA) are systems that automatically interact with graphical user interfaces (GUIs) to complete tasks. CUA have made significant progress with the advent of large vision-language models (VLMs). However, these agents…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Man Luo , David Cobbley , Xin Su , Shachar Rosenman , Vasudev Lal , Shao-Yen Tseng , Phillip Howard

The development of native computer-use agents (CUA) represents a significant leap in multimodal AI. However, their potential is currently bottlenecked by the constraints of static data scaling. Existing paradigms relying primarily on…

Computer-use agent (CUA) frameworks, powered by large language models (LLMs) or multimodal LLMs (MLLMs), are rapidly maturing as assistants that can perceive context, reason, and act directly within software environments. Among their most…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Weidi Luo , Qiming Zhang , Tianyu Lu , Xiaogeng Liu , Bin Hu , Hung-Chun Chiu , Siyuan Ma , Yizhe Zhang , Xusheng Xiao , Yinzhi Cao , Zhen Xiang , Chaowei Xiao

With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence, the proliferation of autonomous agents has introduced new challenges in interoperability, scalability, and coordination. The Internet of Agents (IoA) aims to interconnect heterogeneous…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Jun Liu , Ke Yu , Keliang Chen , Ke Li , Yuxinyue Qian , Xiaolian Guo , Haozhe Song , Yinming Li

The emergence of large language models (LLMs) has introduced a new paradigm in automation: LLM agents or Agentic Automation with Computer Use (AACU). Unlike traditional Robotic Process Automation (RPA), which relies on rule-based workflows…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Petr Průcha , Michaela Matoušková , Jan Strnad
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