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We present the first comprehensive study of latent multi-head attention (MLA) for small language models, revealing interesting efficiency-quality trade-offs. Training 30M-parameter GPT models on 100,000 synthetic stories, we benchmark three…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Sushant Mehta , Raj Dandekar , Rajat Dandekar , Sreedath Panat

Diffusion transformer-based video generation models (DiTs) have recently attracted widespread attention for their excellent generation quality. However, their computational cost remains a major bottleneck-attention alone accounts for over…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Xuan Shen , Chenxia Han , Yufa Zhou , Yanyue Xie , Yifan Gong , Quanyi Wang , Yiwei Wang , Yanzhi Wang , Pu Zhao , Jiuxiang Gu

Multi-headed Attention's (MHA) quadratic compute and linearly growing KV-cache make long-context transformers expensive to train and serve. Prior works such as Grouped Query Attention (GQA) and Multi-Latent Attention (MLA) shrink the cache,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Tomas Figliolia , Nicholas Alonso , Rishi Iyer , Quentin Anthony , Beren Millidge

Transformer-based methods have demonstrated excellent performance on super-resolution visual tasks, surpassing conventional convolutional neural networks. However, existing work typically restricts self-attention computation to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Shu-Chuan Chu , Zhi-Chao Dou , Jeng-Shyang Pan , Shaowei Weng , Junbao Li

Recent neural networks (NNs) with self-attention exhibit competitiveness across different AI domains, but the essential attention mechanism brings massive computation and memory demands. To this end, various sparsity patterns are introduced…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Haibin Wu , Wenming Li , Kai Yan , Zhihua Fan , Peiyang Wu , Yuqun Liu , Yanhuan Liu , Ziqing Qiang , Meng Wu , Kunming Liu , Xiaochun Ye , Dongrui Fan

Heterogeneous Memory Architecture (HMA) aims to optimize memory usage by leveraging a combination of memory types, such as high-bandwidth memory (HBM), commodity DRAM, and non-volatile memory (NVM), when utilized as main memory. To achieve…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Upasna , Venkata Kalyan Tavva

Optimizing deep learning algorithms currently requires slow, manual derivation, potentially leaving much performance untapped. Methods like FlashAttention have achieved a x6 performance improvement over native PyTorch by avoiding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Vincent Abbott , Gioele Zardini

All current LLM serving systems place the GPU at the center, from production-level attention-FFN disaggregation to NVIDIA's Rubin GPU-LPU heterogeneous platform. Even academic PIM/PNM proposals still treat the GPU as the central hub for…

Diffusion generative models have become the standard for producing high-quality, coherent video content, yet their slow inference speeds and high computational demands hinder practical deployment. Although both quantization and sparsity can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Akide Liu , Zeyu Zhang , Zhexin Li , Xuehai Bai , Yizeng Han , Jiasheng Tang , Yuanjie Xing , Jichao Wu , Mingyang Yang , Weihua Chen , Jiahao He , Yuanyu He , Fan Wang , Gholamreza Haffari , Bohan Zhuang

NVIDIA's CUDA Tile (CuTile) introduces a Python-based, tile-centric abstraction for GPU kernel development that aims to simplify programming while retaining Tensor Core and Tensor Memory Accelerator (TMA) efficiency on modern GPUs. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Divakar Kumar Yadav , Tian Zhao , Deepak Kumar

The rise of disaggregated AI GPUs has exposed a critical bottleneck in large-scale attention workloads: non-uniform memory access (NUMA). As multi-chiplet designs become the norm for scaling compute capabilities, memory latency and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Mansi Choudhary , Karthik Sangaiah , Sonali Singh , Muhammad Osama , Lisa Wu Wills , Ganesh Dasika

Transformers with linear attention allow for efficient parallel training but can simultaneously be formulated as an RNN with 2D (matrix-valued) hidden states, thus enjoying linear-time inference complexity. However, linear attention…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Songlin Yang , Bailin Wang , Yikang Shen , Rameswar Panda , Yoon Kim

The attention operator remains a critical performance bottleneck in large language models (LLMs), particularly for long-context scenarios. While FlashAttention is the most widely used and effective GPU-aware acceleration algorithm, it must…

Current high-resolution vision-language models encode images as high-resolution image tokens and exhaustively take all these tokens to compute attention, which significantly increases the computational cost. To address this problem, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Junyan Li , Delin Chen , Tianle Cai , Peihao Chen , Yining Hong , Zhenfang Chen , Yikang Shen , Chuang Gan

The quadratic complexity of self-attention limits the scalability of transformers on long sequences. We introduce Fast Low-rank Attention Routing Engine (FLARE), a token-mixing operator that realizes low-rank attention by routing…

While transformers have begun to dominate many tasks in vision, applying them to large images is still computationally difficult. A large reason for this is that self-attention scales quadratically with the number of tokens, which in turn,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Daniel Bolya , Cheng-Yang Fu , Xiaoliang Dai , Peizhao Zhang , Judy Hoffman

Efficiently supporting long context length is crucial for Transformer models. The quadratic complexity of the self-attention computation plagues traditional Transformers. Sliding window-based static sparse attention mitigates the problem by…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Zhenyu Bai , Pranav Dangi , Huize Li , Tulika Mitra

Over the past 7 years, attention has become one of the most important primitives in deep learning. The primary approach to optimize attention is FlashAttention, which fuses the operation together, drastically improving both the runtime and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Juechu Dong , Boyuan Feng , Driss Guessous , Yanbo Liang , Horace He

Attention is a core operation in large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs). We present BD Attention (BDA), the first lossless algorithmic reformulation of attention. BDA is enabled by a simple matrix identity from Basis…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Jialin Zhao

Attention-based models have revolutionized AI, but the quadratic cost of self-attention incurs severe computational and memory overhead. Sparse attention methods alleviate this by skipping low-relevance token pairs. However, current…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Huizheng Wang , Hongbin Wang , Zichuan Wang , Zhiheng Yue , Yang Wang , Chao Li , Yang Hu , Shouyi Yin