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Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable progress but continue to struggle with geometric reasoning, primarily due to the perception bottleneck regarding fine-grained visual elements. While formal languages have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Peijie Wang , Ming-Liang Zhang , Jun Cao , Chao Deng , Dekang Ran , Hongda Sun , Pi Bu , Xuan Zhang , Yingyao Wang , Jun Song , Bo Zheng , Fei Yin , Cheng-Lin Liu

The evaluation of navigation instructions remains a persistent challenge in Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) research. Traditional reference-based metrics such as BLEU and ROUGE fail to capture the functional utility of spatial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Farzad Shami , Subhrasankha Dey , Nico Van de Weghe , Henrikki Tenkanen

Video reasoning segmentation (VRS) endeavors to delineate referred objects in videos guided by implicit instructions that encapsulate human intent and temporal logic. Previous approaches leverage large vision language models (LVLMs) to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Sitong Gong , Lu Zhang , Yunzhi Zhuge , Xu Jia , Pingping Zhang , Huchuan Lu

Effectively understanding urban scenes requires fine-grained spatial reasoning about objects, layouts, and depth cues. However, how well current vision-language models (VLMs), pretrained on general scenes, transfer these abilities to urban…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Juneyoung Ro , Namwoo Kim , Yoonjin Yoon

Spatial reasoning is a core aspect of human intelligence that allows perception, inference and planning in 3D environments. However, current vision-language models (VLMs) struggle to maintain geometric coherence and cross-view consistency…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Qiyao Xue , Weichen Liu , Shiqi Wang , Haoming Wang , Yuyang Wu , Wei Gao

Image geolocalization, the task of determining an image's geographic origin, poses significant challenges, largely due to visual similarities across disparate locations and the large search space. To address these issues, we propose a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Narges Ghasemi , Amir Ziashahabi , Salman Avestimehr , Cyrus Shahabi

Recent studies increasingly explore Large Language Models (LLMs) as a new paradigm for recommendation systems due to their scalability and world knowledge. However, existing work has three key limitations: (1) most efforts focus on…

We introduce Groma, a Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) with grounded and fine-grained visual perception ability. Beyond holistic image understanding, Groma is adept at region-level tasks such as region captioning and visual grounding.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Chuofan Ma , Yi Jiang , Jiannan Wu , Zehuan Yuan , Xiaojuan Qi

The ability to transform location-centric geospatial data into meaningful computational representations has become fundamental to modern spatial analysis and decision-making. Geospatial Representation Learning (GRL), the process of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Xixuan Hao , Yutian Jiang , Xingchen Zou , Jiabo Liu , Yifang Yin , Song Gao , Flora Salim , Tianrui Li , Yuxuan Liang

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have shown exceptional performance in multimodal tasks, but their effectiveness in complex visual reasoning is still constrained, especially when employing Chain-of-Thought prompting techniques. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Congzhi Zhang , Jiawei Peng , Zhenglin Wang , Yilong Lai , Haowen Sun , Heng Chang , Fei Ma , Weijiang Yu

Geospatial reasoning requires solving image-grounded problems over the complex spatial structure of a scene. However, developing this capability is hindered by the cost of annotating a vast and combinatorial question space. We propose GeoX,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Kyeongjin Ahn , Seungeon Lee , Krishna P. Gummadi , Meeyoung Cha

Recent advancements in reinforcement learning (RL) have enhanced the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs), yet the impact on multimodal LLMs (MLLMs) is limited. Particularly in vision-intensive tasks like geometric reasoning,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Guizhen Chen , Weiwen Xu , Hao Zhang , Hou Pong Chan , Deli Zhao , Anh Tuan Luu , Yu Rong

Advancing towards artificial superintelligence requires rich and intelligent perceptual capabilities. A critical frontier in this pursuit is overcoming the limited spatial understanding of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), where…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Ruiheng Liu , Haihong Hao , Mingfei Han , Xin Gu , Kecheng Zhang , Changlin Li , Xiaojun Chang

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable progress in their reasoning capabilities, such as Chain-of-Thought (CoT). Most approaches rely on CoT rationales. Previous studies have shown that LLMs often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Kentaro Kazama , Daiki Shirafuji , Tatsuhiko Saito

Recent advances in large vision-language models (VLMs) typically employ vision encoders based on the Vision Transformer (ViT) architecture. The division of the images into patches by ViT results in a fragmented perception, thereby hindering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Jingyi Wang , Jianzhong Ju , Jian Luan , Zhidong Deng

Referring expression understanding in remote sensing poses unique challenges, as it requires reasoning over complex object-context relationships. While supervised fine-tuning (SFT) on multimodal large language models achieves strong…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Zilun Zhang , Zian Guan , Tiancheng Zhao , Haozhan Shen , Tianyu Li , Yuxiang Cai , Zhonggen Su , Zhaojun Liu , Jianwei Yin , Xiang Li

Multimodal Small-to-Medium sized Language Models (MSLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in integrating visual and textual information but still face significant limitations in visual comprehension and mathematical reasoning,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Ashutosh Bajpai , Akshat Bhandari , Akshay Nambi , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have recently emerged as powerful tools, excelling in tasks that integrate visual and textual comprehension, such as image captioning, visual question answering, and image-text retrieval. However, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Ilias Stogiannidis , Steven McDonagh , Sotirios A. Tsaftaris

Benefiting from strong generalization ability, pre-trained vision language models (VLMs), e.g., CLIP, have been widely utilized in zero-shot scene understanding. Unlike simple recognition tasks, grounded situation recognition (GSR) requires…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Jiaming Lei , Lin Li , Chunping Wang , Jun Xiao , Long Chen

This paper proposes a novel framework utilizing multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) for referring video object segmentation (RefVOS). Previous MLLM-based methods commonly struggle with the dilemma between "Ref" and "VOS": they either…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Lang Lin , Xueyang Yu , Ziqi Pang , Yu-Xiong Wang