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State Space Models (SSMs) are efficient alternatives to traditional sequence models, excelling at processing long sequences with lower computational complexity. Their reliance on matrix multiplications makes them ideal for compute-in-memory…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Yuannuo Feng , Wenyong Zhou , Yuexi Lyu , Hanjie Liu , Zhengwu Liu , Ngai Wong , Wang Kang

Continual Learning (CL) involves training a machine learning model in a sequential manner to learn new information while retaining previously learned tasks without the presence of previous training data. Although there has been significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Anurag Roy , Vinay Kumar Verma , Sravan Voonna , Kripabandhu Ghosh , Saptarshi Ghosh , Abir Das

Modeling multivariate time series is a well-established problem with a wide range of applications from healthcare to financial markets. Traditional State Space Models (SSMs) are classical approaches for univariate time series modeling due…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Ali Behrouz , Michele Santacatterina , Ramin Zabih

Multiple instance learning (MIL) has become the leading approach for extracting discriminative features from whole slide images (WSIs) in computational pathology. Attention-based MIL methods can identify key patches but tend to overlook…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Lubin Gan , Xiaoman Wu , Jing Zhang , Zhifeng Wang , Linhao Qu , Siying Wu , Xiaoyan Sun

Nonlinear stochastic motion presents significant challenges for Bayesian particle tracking. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a framework to construct an invertible transformation that maps the nonlinear state-space model (SSM)…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-13 Yonatan L. Ashenafi

Optical and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image registration is crucial for multi-modal image fusion and applications. However, several challenges limit the performance of existing deep learning-based methods in cross-modal image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Wei Wang , Dou Quan , Ning Huyan , Chonghua Lv , Shuang Wang , Yunan Li , Licheng Jiao

Modeling long-range dependencies in sequential data is a crucial step in sequence learning. A recently developed model, the Structured State Space (S4), demonstrated significant effectiveness in modeling long-range sequences. However, It is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Jiqun Chu , Zuoquan Lin

Continual learning has become essential in many practical applications such as online news summaries and product classification. The primary challenge is known as catastrophic forgetting, a phenomenon where a model inadvertently discards…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Xiaodi Li , Dingcheng Li , Rujun Gao , Mahmoud Zamani , Latifur Khan

Any applied mathematical model contains parameters. The paper proposes to use kernel learning for the parametric analysis of the model. The approach consists in setting a distribution on the parameter space, obtaining a finite training…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-27 Vladimir Norkin , Alois Pichler

Recurrent State-space models (RSSMs) are highly expressive models for learning patterns in time series data and system identification. However, these models assume that the dynamics are fixed and unchanging, which is rarely the case in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Vaisakh Shaj , Dieter Buchler , Rohit Sonker , Philipp Becker , Gerhard Neumann

Continual learning aims to learn multiple tasks sequentially while preserving prior knowledge, but faces the challenge of catastrophic forgetting when adapting to new tasks. Recently, approaches leveraging pre-trained models have gained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Quan Cheng , Yuanyu Wan , Lingyu Wu , Chenping Hou , Lijun Zhang

We consider the problem of high-dimensional filtering of state-space models (SSMs) at discrete times. This problem is particularly challenging as analytical solutions are typically not available and many numerical approximation methods can…

Computation · Statistics 2022-01-13 Hamza Ruzayqat , Aimad Er-Raiy , Alexandros Beskos , Dan Crisan , Ajay Jasra , Nikolas Kantas

Incremental learning often encounter challenges such as overfitting to new data and catastrophic forgetting of old data. Existing methods can effectively extend the model for new tasks while freezing the parameters of the old model, but…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Chuangxin Zhang , Guangfeng Lin , Enhui Zhao , Kaiyang Liao , Yajun Chen

Global effective receptive field plays a crucial role for image style transfer (ST) to obtain high-quality stylized results. However, existing ST backbones (e.g., CNNs and Transformers) suffer huge computational complexity to achieve global…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Hongda Liu , Longguang Wang , Ye Zhang , Ziru Yu , Yulan Guo

Dynamic inference problems in autoregressive (AR/ARMA/ARIMA), exponential smoothing, and navigation are often formulated and solved using state-space models (SSM), which allow a range of statistical distributions to inform innovations and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-10-31 Jonathan Jonker , Peng Zheng , Aleksandr Y. Aravkin

Whole Slide Imaging (WSI) has become a gold standard in cancer diagnosis, inspecting multi-scale information from cellular to tissue levels. Processing an entire WSI directly is infeasible due to GPU memory constraints; thus, Multiple…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-08 Tianyi Zhang , Sicheng Chen , Borui Kang , Dankai Liao , Qiaochu Xue , Bochong Zhang , Fei Xia , Zeyu Liu , Yueming Jin

We present a holistic framework for Continual Model Merging (CMM) that intervenes at three critical stages: pre-merging, during merging, and post-merging-to address two fundamental challenges in continual learning. In particular,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Hoang Phan , Sungmin Cha , Tung Lam Tran , Qi Lei

This study proposes coarse-to-fine spatial modeling (CFSM) as a scalable and machine learning-compatible alternative to conventional spatial process models. Unlike conventional covariance-based spatial models, CFSM represents spatial…

Probabilistic (or Bayesian) modeling and learning offers interesting possibilities for systematic representation of uncertainty using probability theory. However, probabilistic learning often leads to computationally challenging problems.…

Computation · Statistics 2018-03-14 Andreas Svensson , Thomas B. Schön , Fredrik Lindsten

The rapid adoption of synthetic data for training Large Language Models (LLMs) has introduced the technical challenge of "model collapse"-a degenerative process where recursive training on model-generated content leads to a contraction of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yi Gu , Lingyou Pang , Xiangkun Ye , Tianyu Wang , Jianyu Lin , Carey E. Priebe , Alexander Aue