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Computer-Aided Design (CAD) models are widely used across industrial design, simulation, and manufacturing processes. Text-to-CAD systems aim to generate editable, general-purpose CAD models from textual descriptions, significantly reducing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Zheyuan Zhou , Jiayi Han , Liang Du , Naiyu Fang , Lemiao Qiu , Shuyou Zhang

The use of language models for automatically evaluating long-form text (LLM-as-a-judge) is becoming increasingly common, yet most LLM judges are optimized exclusively for English, with strategies for enhancing their multilingual evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-31 José Pombal , Dongkeun Yoon , Patrick Fernandes , Ian Wu , Seungone Kim , Ricardo Rei , Graham Neubig , André F. T. Martins

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable creative writing capabilities, yet their substantial computational demands hinder widespread use. Enhancing Small Language Models (SLMs) offers a promising alternative, but current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Xiaolong Wei , Bo Lu , Xingyu Zhang , Zhejun Zhao , Dongdong Shen , Long Xia , Dawei Yin

Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are increasingly prominent in the field of artificial intelligence. These models not only excel in traditional vision-language tasks but also demonstrate impressive performance in contemporary…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Xiaotian Han , Quanzeng You , Yongfei Liu , Wentao Chen , Huangjie Zheng , Khalil Mrini , Xudong Lin , Yiqi Wang , Bohan Zhai , Jianbo Yuan , Heng Wang , Hongxia Yang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities but often struggle with complex, multi-step mathematical reasoning, where minor errors in visual perception or logical deduction can lead to complete failure.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Jianghangfan Zhang , Yibo Yan , Kening Zheng , Xin Zou , Song Dai , Xuming Hu

The emergence of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) has triggered extensive research in model evaluation. While existing evaluation studies primarily focus on unimodal (vision-only) comprehension and reasoning capabilities, they…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Xiaocui Yang , Wenfang Wu , Shi Feng , Ming Wang , Daling Wang , Yang Li , Qi Sun , Yifei Zhang , Xiaoming Fu , Soujanya Poria

Prompt optimization improves the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs) without requiring parameter updates to the target model. Following heuristic-based "Think step by step" approaches, the field has evolved in two main…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Andreea Nica , Ivan Zakazov , Nicolas Mario Baldwin , Saibo Geng , Robert West

Large language models (LLMs) can act as evaluators, a role studied by methods like LLM-as-a-Judge and fine-tuned judging LLMs. In the field of education, LLMs have been studied as assistant tools for students and teachers. Our research…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Valeria Ramirez-Garcia , David de-Fitero-Dominguez , Antonio Garcia-Cabot , Eva Garcia-Lopez

Accurate evaluation is central to the large language model (LLM) ecosystem, guiding model selection and downstream adoption across diverse use cases. In practice, however, evaluating generative outputs typically relies on rigid lexical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Hippolyte Gisserot-Boukhlef , Nicolas Boizard , Emmanuel Malherbe , Céline Hudelot , Pierre Colombo

Diffusion large language models (dLLMs) have shown great potential in large-scale language modeling, and there is an increasing interest in further improving the capacity to solve complex problems by guiding the reasoning process step by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Tianlang Chen , Minkai Xu , Jure Leskovec , Stefano Ermon

Although LLMs exhibit strong reasoning capabilities, existing training methods largely depend on outcome-based feedback, which can produce correct answers with flawed reasoning. Prior work introduces supervision on intermediate steps but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Jundong Xu , Hao Fei , Huichi Zhou , Xin Quan , Qijun Huang , Shengqiong Wu , William Yang Wang , Mong-Li Lee , Wynne Hsu

Understanding the contents of multimodal documents is essential to accurately extract relevant evidence and use it for reasoning. Existing document understanding models tend to generate answers with a single word or phrase directly,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Jinxu Zhang

Evaluating the conversational abilities of large language models (LLMs) remains a challenging task. Current mainstream approaches primarily rely on the "LLM-as-a-judge" paradigm, where an LLM is prompted to serve as an evaluator to assess…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Yuqi Tang , Kehua Feng , Yunfeng Wang , Zhiwen Chen , Chengfei Lv , Gang Yu , Qiang Zhang , Keyan Ding , Huajun Chen

LLM-as-a-Judge leverages the generative and reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) to evaluate LLM responses across diverse scenarios, providing accurate preference signals. This approach plays a vital role in aligning LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Jiachen Yu , Shaoning Sun , Xiaohui Hu , Jiaxu Yan , Kaidong Yu , Xuelong Li

We introduce MediX-R1, an open-ended Reinforcement Learning (RL) framework for medical multimodal large language models (MLLMs) that enables clinically grounded, free-form answers beyond multiple-choice formats. MediX-R1 fine-tunes a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Sahal Shaji Mullappilly , Mohammed Irfan Kurpath , Omair Mohamed , Mohamed Zidan , Fahad Khan , Salman Khan , Rao Anwer , Hisham Cholakkal

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have been widely adopted as MLLM-as-a-Judges due to their strong alignment with human judgment across various visual tasks. However, most existing judge models are optimized for single-task scenarios…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Junjie Wu , Xuan Kan , Zihao He , Shunwen Tan , Bo Pan , Kaitai Zhang

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities on vision-and-language tasks. However, recent findings reveal an imbalance in their reasoning capabilities across visual and textual modalities. Specifically,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Guanyu Yao , Qiucheng Wu , Yang Zhang , Zhaowen Wang , Handong Zhao , Shiyu Chang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are making significant progress in multimodal reasoning. Early approaches focus on pure text-based reasoning. More recent studies have incorporated multimodal information into the reasoning steps;…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Dongjie Cheng , Yongqi Li , Zhixin Ma , Hongru Cai , Yupeng Hu , Wenjie Wang , Liqiang Nie , Wenjie Li

Generative language models (LMs) are increasingly used for document class-prediction tasks and promise enormous improvements in cost and efficiency. Existing research often examines simple classification tasks, but the capability of LMs to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Rosamond Thalken , Edward H. Stiglitz , David Mimno , Matthew Wilkens

Recent text-guided image editing (TIE) models have achieved remarkable progress, however, many edited results still suffer from artifacts, unintended modifications, and suboptimal aesthetics. Although several benchmarks and evaluation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Honghua Chen , Zitong Xu , Huiyu Duan , Xinyun Zhang , Xiongkuo Min , Guangtao Zhai