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The proliferation of time series foundation models has created a landscape where no single method achieves consistent superiority, framing the central challenge not as finding the best model, but as orchestrating an optimal ensemble with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Defu Cao , Michael Gee , Jinbo Liu , Hengxuan Wang , Wei Yang , Rui Wang , Yan Liu

Multimodal fusion has emerged as a promising paradigm for disease diagnosis and prognosis, integrating complementary information from heterogeneous data sources such as medical images, clinical records, and radiology reports. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Chongyu Qu , Zhengyi Lu , Yuxiang Lai , Thomas Z. Li , Junchao Zhu , Junlin Guo , Juming Xiong , Yanfan Zhu , Yuechen Yang , Allen J. Luna , Kim L. Sandler , Bennett A. Landman , Yuankai Huo

Driven by the transition towards a climate-neutral energy system, accurate energy time series forecasting is critical for planning and operation. Yet, it remains largely a dataset-specific task, requiring comprehensive training data,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Marco Obermeier , Marco Pruckner , Florian Haselbeck , Andreas Zeiselmair

Multivariate time series forecasting is crucial across various industries, where accurate extraction of complex periodic and trend components can significantly enhance prediction performance. However, existing models often struggle to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Yulong Wang , Yushuo Liu , Xiaoyi Duan , Kai Wang

Modern web applications--from real-time content recommendation and dynamic pricing to CDN optimization--increasingly rely on time-series forecasting to deliver personalized experiences to billions of users. Large-scale Transformer-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Pranav Subbaraman , Fang Sun , Yue Yao , Huacong Tang , Xiao Luo , Yizhou Sun

Accurate forecasts are vital for supporting the decisions of modern companies. Forecasters typically select the most appropriate statistical model for each time series. However, statistical models usually presume some data generation…

Recent advances in deep learning have significantly elevated weather prediction models. However, these models often falter in real-world scenarios due to their sensitivity to spatial-temporal shifts. This issue is particularly acute in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Lu Han , Xu-Yang Chen , Han-Jia Ye , De-Chuan Zhan

Model merging aims to integrate multiple expert models into a single model that inherits their complementary strengths without incurring the inference-time cost of ensembling. Recent progress has shown that merging can be highly effective…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Shilian Chen , Jie Zhou , Qin Chen , Wen Wu , Xin Li , Qi Feng , Liang He

Time series data analysis is a critical component in various domains such as finance, healthcare, and meteorology. Despite the progress in deep learning for time series analysis, there remains a challenge in addressing the non-stationary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Han Yu , Peikun Guo , Akane Sano

In economics and many other forecasting domains, the real world problems are too complex for a single model that assumes a specific data generation process. The forecasting performance of different methods changes depending on the nature of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Li Li , Feng Li , Yanfei Kang

Time series forecasting is essential for many practical applications, with the adoption of transformer-based models on the rise due to their impressive performance in NLP and CV. Transformers' key feature, the attention mechanism,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-09 PeiSong Niu , Tian Zhou , Xue Wang , Liang Sun , Rong Jin

Time series forecasting is a critical first step in generating demand plans for supply chains. Experiments on time series models typically focus on demonstrating improvements in forecast accuracy over existing/baseline solutions, quantified…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Steven Klee , Yuntian Xia

Time series forecasting is an important and forefront task in many real-world applications. However, most of time series forecasting techniques assume that the training data is clean without anomalies. This assumption is unrealistic since…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Hao Cheng , Qingsong Wen , Yang Liu , Liang Sun

The proliferation of Time Series Foundation Models (TSFMs) has significantly advanced zero-shot forecasting, enabling predictions for unseen time series without task-specific fine-tuning. Extensive research has confirmed that no single TSFM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Hao-Nan Shi , Ting-Ji Huang , Lu Han , De-Chuan Zhan , Han-Jia Ye

Selecting an appropriate look-back horizon remains a fundamental challenge in time series forecasting (TSF), particularly in the federated learning scenarios where data is decentralized, heterogeneous, and often non-independent. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Dahao Tang , Nan Yang , Yanli Li , Zhiyu Zhu , Zhibo Jin , Dong Yuan

Time series forecasting has traditionally focused on univariate and multivariate numerical data, often overlooking the benefits of incorporating multimodal information, particularly textual data. In this paper, we propose a novel framework…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Xin Zhou , Weiqing Wang , Shilin Qu , Zhiqiang Zhang , Christoph Bergmeir

Using a time series model to mimic an observed time series has a long history. However, with regard to this objective, conventional estimation methods for discrete-time dynamical models are frequently found to be wanting. In fact, they are…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-03-19 Yingcun Xia , Howell Tong

Diffusion models have achieved state-of-the-art performance in generative modeling tasks across various domains. Prior works on time series diffusion models have primarily focused on developing conditional models tailored to specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Marcel Kollovieh , Abdul Fatir Ansari , Michael Bohlke-Schneider , Jasper Zschiegner , Hao Wang , Yuyang Wang

A time series represents a set of observations collected over time. Typically, these observations are captured with a uniform sampling frequency (e.g. daily). When data points are observed in uneven time intervals the time series is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Pedro Costa , Vitor Cerqueira , João Vinagre

Time series forecasting under non-stationarity faces a fundamental tension between capturing stable representations and adapting to distribution shifts. Existing methods implicitly rely on static historical assumptions, leading to a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Yangyou Liu , Zezhi Shao , Xinyu Chen , Hu Chen , Fei Wang , Yuankai Wu