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Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have shown to be powerful medical image segmentation models. In this study, we address some of the main unresolved issues regarding these models. Specifically, training of these models on small medical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Davood Karimi , Ali Gholipour

Understanding how the brain responds to sensory inputs is challenging: brain recordings are partial, noisy, and high dimensional; they vary across sessions and subjects and they capture highly nonlinear dynamics. These challenges have led…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-10-03 Omar Chehab , Alexandre Defossez , Jean-Christophe Loiseau , Alexandre Gramfort , Jean-Remi King

Using reviews to learn user and item representations is important for recommender system. Current review based methods can be divided into two categories: (1) the Convolution Neural Network (CNN) based models that extract n-gram features…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-11-30 Hansi Zeng , Qingyao Ai

Understanding intermediate layers of a deep learning model and discovering the driving features of stimuli have attracted much interest, recently. Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) provides a new way to open an AI black box and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Amirhossein Tavanaei

In recent years, deep learning (DL) has contributed significantly to the improvement of motor-imagery brain-machine interfaces (MI-BMIs) based on electroencephalography(EEG). While achieving high classification accuracy, DL models have also…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-03 Thorir Mar Ingolfsson , Michael Hersche , Xiaying Wang , Nobuaki Kobayashi , Lukas Cavigelli , Luca Benini

The decoding of electroencephalography (EEG) signals allows access to user intentions conveniently, which plays an important role in the fields of human-machine interaction. To effectively extract sufficient characteristics of the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Hongqi Li , Haodong Zhang , Yitong Chen

Brains learn to represent information from a large set of stimuli, typically by weak supervision. Unsupervised learning is therefore a natural approach for exploring the design of biological neural networks and their computations.…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-10-17 Roy Urbach , Elad Schneidman

Deep convolutional neural networks are biologically driven models that resemble the hierarchical structure of primate visual cortex and are the current best predictors of the neural responses measured along the ventral stream. However, the…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-09-24 Hyodong Lee , James J. DiCarlo

Understanding how neuronal networks reorganize in response to external stimuli and give rise to behavior is a central challenge in neuroscience and artificial intelligence. However, existing methods often fail to capture the evolving…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-02 Moein Khajehnejad , Forough Habibollahi , Ahmad Khajehnejad , Chris French , Brett J. Kagan , Adeel Razi

Deep learning with convolutional neural networks (ConvNets) have dramatically improved learning capabilities of computer vision applications just through considering raw data without any prior feature extraction. Nowadays, there is rising…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-15 Apdullah Yayık , Yakup Kutlu , Gökhan Altan

The abundant recurrent horizontal and feedback connections in the primate visual cortex are thought to play an important role in bringing global and semantic contextual information to early visual areas during perceptual inference, helping…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-12-24 Siming Yan , Xuyang Fang , Bowen Xiao , Harold Rockwell , Yimeng Zhang , Tai Sing Lee

Deep convolutional neural networks (ConvNets) of 3-dimensional kernels allow joint modeling of spatiotemporal features. These networks have improved performance of video and volumetric image analysis, but have been limited in size due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-06-13 David Budden , Alexander Matveev , Shibani Santurkar , Shraman Ray Chaudhuri , Nir Shavit

Diffractive neural networks leverage the high-dimensional characteristics of electromagnetic (EM) fields for high-throughput computing. However, the existing architectures face challenges in integrating large-scale multidimensional…

Optics · Physics 2025-09-09 Songtao Yang , Sheng Gao , Chu Wu , Zejia Zhao , Haiou Zhang , Xing Lin

The formation of transient networks in response to external stimuli or as a reflection of internal cognitive processes is a hallmark of human brain function. However, its identification in fMRI data of the human brain is notoriously…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2016-12-05 Gabriele Lohmann , Johannes Stelzer , Verena Zuber , Tilo Buschmann , Daniel Margulies , Andreas Bartels , Klaus Scheffler

While one-dimensional convolutional neural networks (1D-CNNs) have been empirically proven effective in time series classification tasks, we find that there remain undesirable outcomes that could arise in their application, motivating us to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Junru Zhang , Lang Feng , Yang He , Yuhan Wu , Yabo Dong

Coding theory is a central discipline underpinning wireline and wireless modems that are the workhorses of the information age. Progress in coding theory is largely driven by individual human ingenuity with sporadic breakthroughs over the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-05-24 Hyeji Kim , Yihan Jiang , Ranvir Rana , Sreeram Kannan , Sewoong Oh , Pramod Viswanath

Encoding-decoding CNNs play a central role in data-driven noise reduction and can be found within numerous deep-learning algorithms. However, the development of these CNN architectures is often done in ad-hoc fashion and theoretical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Luis A. Zavala-Mondragón , Peter H. N. de With , Fons van der Sommen

Neural Machine Translation model is a sequence-to-sequence converter based on neural networks. Existing models use recurrent neural networks to construct both the encoder and decoder modules. In alternative research, the recurrent networks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Ritam Mallick , Seba Susan , Vaibhaw Agrawal , Rizul Garg , Prateek Rawal

In this work we present a novel end-to-end framework for tracking and classifying a robot's surroundings in complex, dynamic and only partially observable real-world environments. The approach deploys a recurrent neural network to filter an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-04-20 Peter Ondruska , Julie Dequaire , Dominic Zeng Wang , Ingmar Posner

Electroencephalography (EEG) measures the neuronal activities in different brain regions via electrodes. Many existing studies on EEG-based emotion recognition do not fully exploit the topology of EEG channels. In this paper, we propose a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-14 Peixiang Zhong , Di Wang , Chunyan Miao