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Recent works have shown the promise of inference-time search over action samples for improving generative robot policies. In particular, optimizing cross-chunk coherence via bidirectional decoding has proven effective in boosting the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Rhea Malhotra , Yuejiang Liu , Chelsea Finn

Diffusion models have recently shown significant potential in solving decision-making problems, particularly in generating behavior plans -- also known as diffusion planning. While numerous studies have demonstrated the impressive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Haofei Lu , Dongqi Han , Yifei Shen , Dongsheng Li

Model-based reinforcement learning (RL) can be effectively supported at scale through the use of world models. However, in practice, scaling such approaches remains fundamentally limited. A commonly recognized challenge is model bias and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Xiaoyuan Cheng , Wenxuan Yuan , Zhancun Mu , Yuanzhao Zhang , Yiming Yang , Hai Wang , Zhuo Sun , Che Liu

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) enables agents to learn policies from fixed datasets, avoiding costly or unsafe environment interactions. However, its effectiveness is often limited by dataset sparsity and the lack of transition overlap…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Lu Guo , Yixiang Shan , Zhengbang Zhu , Qifan Liang , Lichang Song , Ting Long , Weinan Zhang , Yi Chang

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF), which aligns a diffusion model with input prompt, has become a crucial step in building reliable generative AI models. Most works in this area use a discrete-time formulation, which is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Hanyang Zhao , Haoxian Chen , Ji Zhang , David D. Yao , Wenpin Tang

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) aims to learn an optimal policy from a static dataset, making it particularly valuable in scenarios where data collection is costly, such as robotics. A major challenge in offline RL is distributional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Motoki Omura , Yusuke Mukuta , Kazuki Ota , Takayuki Osa , Tatsuya Harada

We propose a novel offline reinforcement learning (offline RL) approach, introducing the Diffusion-model-guided Implicit Q-learning with Adaptive Revaluation (DIAR) framework. We address two key challenges in offline RL: out-of-distribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Jaehyun Park , Yunho Kim , Sejin Kim , Byung-Jun Lee , Sundong Kim

Decision-focused learning (DFL) integrates predictive modeling and optimization by training predictors to optimize the downstream decision target rather than merely minimizing prediction error. To date, existing DFL methods typically rely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Zihao Zhao , Christopher Yeh , Lingkai Kong , Kai Wang

Personalized text-to-image generation has gained significant attention for its capability to generate high-fidelity portraits of specific identities conditioned on user-defined prompts. Existing methods typically involve test-time…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Yujia Wu , Yiming Shi , Jiwei Wei , Chengwei Sun , Yang Yang , Heng Tao Shen

Diffusion-based classifiers such as those relying on the Personalized PageRank and the Heat kernel, enjoy remarkable classification accuracy at modest computational requirements. Their performance however is affected by the extent to which…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-02-20 Dimitris Berberidis , Athanasios N. Nikolakopoulos , Georgios B. Giannakis

Utilizing offline reinforcement learning (RL) with real-world clinical data is getting increasing attention in AI for healthcare. However, implementation poses significant challenges. Defining direct rewards is difficult, and inverse RL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Chang Liu , Ladda Thiamwong , Yanjie Fu , Rui Xie

Diffusion-based algorithms have emerged as promising techniques for weight generation. However, existing solutions are limited by two challenges: generalizability and local target assignment. The former arises from the inherent lack of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yunchuan Guan , Yu Liu , Ke Zhou , Zhiqi Shen , Jenq-Neng Hwang , Lei Li

We investigate reinforcement learning (RL) in the presence of distributional mismatch between training and deployment, where policies trained in simulators often underperform in practice due to mismatches between training and deployment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Debamita Ghosh , George K. Atia , Yue Wang

Diffusion models surpass previous generative models in sample quality and training stability. Recent works have shown the advantages of diffusion models in improving reinforcement learning (RL) solutions. This survey aims to provide an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Zhengbang Zhu , Hanye Zhao , Haoran He , Yichao Zhong , Shenyu Zhang , Haoquan Guo , Tingting Chen , Weinan Zhang

Diffusion models have emerged as powerful tools for 3D medical image generation, yet bridging the gap between standard training objectives and clinical relevance remains a challenge. This paper presents a method to enhance 3D diffusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Yueying Tian , Xudong Han , Meng Zhou , Rodrigo Aviles-Espinosa , Rupert Young , Philip Birch

Online reinforcement learning (RL) has been central to post-training language models, but its extension to diffusion models remains challenging due to intractable likelihoods. Recent works discretize the reverse sampling process to enable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Kaiwen Zheng , Huayu Chen , Haotian Ye , Haoxiang Wang , Qinsheng Zhang , Kai Jiang , Hang Su , Stefano Ermon , Jun Zhu , Ming-Yu Liu

Improving the sample efficiency of reinforcement learning algorithms requires effective exploration. Following the principle of $\textit{optimism in the face of uncertainty}$ (OFU), we train a separate exploration policy to maximize the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-23 Jiachen Li , Shuo Cheng , Zhenyu Liao , Huayan Wang , William Yang Wang , Qinxun Bai

This dissertation investigates how reinforcement learning (RL) methods can be designed to be safe, sample-efficient, and robust. Framed through the unifying perspective of contextual-bandit RL, the work addresses two major application…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Shashank Gupta

Offline reinforcement learning requires reconciling two conflicting aims: learning a policy that improves over the behavior policy that collected the dataset, while at the same time minimizing the deviation from the behavior policy so as to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-13 Ilya Kostrikov , Ashvin Nair , Sergey Levine

Offline reinforcement learning proposes to learn policies from large collected datasets without interacting with the physical environment. These algorithms have made it possible to learn useful skills from data that can then be deployed in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-06 Samarth Sinha , Ajay Mandlekar , Animesh Garg
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