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The rapid expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) has introduced significant security challenges, necessitating efficient and adaptive Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS). Traditional IDS models often overlook the temporal characteristics…

The growing interest in the Internet of Things (IoT) applications is associated with an augmented volume of security threats. In this vein, the Intrusion detection systems (IDS) have emerged as a viable solution for the detection and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-10 Poulmanogo Illy , Georges Kaddoum , Christian Miranda Moreira , Kuljeet Kaur , Sahil Garg

Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) are a key component for protecting Internet of Things (IoT) environments. However, in Machine Learning-based (ML-based) IDSs, performance is often degraded by the strong class imbalance between benign and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Estela Sánchez-Carballo , Francisco M. Melgarejo-Meseguer , José Luis Rojo-Álvarez

The Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a foundational paradigm supporting a range of applications, including healthcare, education, agriculture, smart homes, and, more recently, enterprise systems. However, significant advancements in…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-03 Shiva Sattarpour , Ali Barati , Hamid Barati

In critical IoT environments, such as smart homes and industrial systems, effective Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are essential for ensuring security. However, developing robust IDS solutions remains a significant challenge. Traditional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Saida Elouardi , Mohammed Jouhari , Anas Motii

Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) have been extensively investigated by monitoring real network traffic and analyzing suspicious activities. However, there are limitations in detecting specific types of attacks with NIDS, such as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-19 Zhiyan Chen , Murat Simsek , Burak Kantarci , Mehran Bagheri , Petar Djukic

Intrusion detection systems (IDS) for the Internet of Things (IoT) systems can use AI-based models to ensure secure communications. IoT systems tend to have many connected devices producing massive amounts of data with high dimensionality,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Ali Ghubaish , Zebo Yang , Aiman Erbad , Raj Jain

In the era of the Internet of Things (IoT) and data sharing, users frequently upload their personal information to enterprise databases to enjoy enhanced service experiences provided by various online services. However, the widespread…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Zilin Huang , Xiangyan Tang , Hongyu Li , Xinyi Cao , Jieren Cheng

With the continuous development of industrial IoT (IIoT) technology, network security is becoming more and more important. And intrusion detection is an important part of its security. However, since the amount of attack traffic is very…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-08 Lei Zhang , Shuaimin Jiang , Xiajiong Shen , Brij B. Gupta , Zhihong Tian

This paper presents a security paradigm for edge devices to defend against various internal and external threats. The first section of the manuscript proposes employing machine learning models to identify MQTT-based (Message Queue Telemetry…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Sahar L. Qaddoori , Qutaiba I. Ali

This paper presents the FlowTransformer framework, a novel approach for implementing transformer-based Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDSs). FlowTransformer leverages the strengths of transformer models in identifying the long-term…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Liam Daly Manocchio , Siamak Layeghy , Wai Weng Lo , Gayan K. Kulatilleke , Mohanad Sarhan , Marius Portmann

Intrusion detection is a traditional practice of security experts, however, there are several issues which still need to be tackled. Therefore, in this paper, after highlighting these issues, we present an architecture for a hybrid…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Lynda Boukela , Gongxuan Zhang , Meziane Yacoub , Samia Bouzefrane

The performance of machine learning based network intrusion detection systems (NIDSs) severely degrades when deployed on a network with significantly different feature distributions from the ones of the training dataset. In various…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-15 Siamak Layeghy , Mahsa Baktashmotlagh , Marius Portmann

DDoS attacks have become a major threat to the security of IoT devices and can cause severe damage to the network infrastructure. IoT devices suffer from the inherent problem of resource constraints and are therefore susceptible to such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Sandipan Dey , Payal Santosh Kate , Vatsala Upadhyay , Abhishek Vaish

Protecting Internet of things (IoT) devices against cyber attacks is imperative owing to inherent security vulnerabilities. These vulnerabilities can include a spectrum of sophisticated attacks that pose significant damage to both…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Afrah Gueriani , Hamza Kheddar , Ahmed Cherif Mazari

The rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) has revolutionized industries, enabling unprecedented connectivity and functionality. However, this expansion also increases vulnerabilities, exposing IoT networks to increasingly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Md Ahnaf Akif , Ismail Butun , Andre Williams , Imadeldin Mahgoub

In recent years, the evolution of machine learning techniques has significantly impacted the field of intrusion detection, particularly within the context of the Internet of Things (IoT). As IoT networks expand, the need for robust security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Amar Amouri , Mohamad Mahmoud Al Rahhal , Yakoub Bazi , Ismail Butun , Imad Mahgoub

Attack vectors are continuously evolving in order to evade Intrusion Detection systems. Internet of Things (IoT) environments, while beneficial for the IT ecosystem, suffer from inherent hardware limitations, which restrict their ability to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Christos Constantinides , Stavros Shiaeles , Bogdan Ghita , Nicholas Kolokotronis

Ensuring the reliability of machine learning-based intrusion detection systems remains a critical challenge in Internet of Things (IoT) environments, particularly as data poisoning attacks increasingly threaten the integrity of model…

Due to the rapid growth in the number of Internet of Things (IoT) networks, the cyber risk has increased exponentially, and therefore, we have to develop effective IDS that can work well with highly imbalanced datasets. A high rate of…