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We introduce CompareBench, a benchmark for evaluating visual comparison reasoning in vision-language models (VLMs), a fundamental yet understudied skill. CompareBench consists of 1000 QA pairs across four tasks: quantity (600), temporal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Jie Cai , Kangning Yang , Lan Fu , Jiaming Ding , Jinlong Li , Huiming Sun , Daitao Xing , Jinglin Shen , Zibo Meng

While multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have achieved rapid progress in vision-language understanding, they remain prone to multimodal hallucinations, producing responses that are inconsistent with the visual input. Existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Shizhe Zhou , Bohan Jia , Kai Wu , Yan Shen , Tongyun Li , Yuyang Wu , Shaohui Lin

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) demands robust, unbiased, and scalable evaluation methods. However, human annotations are costly to scale, model-based evaluations are susceptible to stylistic biases, and…

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in settings where reasoning, such as multi-step problem solving and chain-of-thought, is essential. Yet, current evaluation practices overwhelmingly report single-run accuracy while…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Nearchos Potamitis , Lars Klein , Akhil Arora

Cognitive textual and visual reasoning tasks, including puzzles, series, and analogies, demand the ability to quickly reason, decipher, and evaluate patterns both textually and spatially. Due to extensive training on vast amounts of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Pranshu Pandya , Vatsal Gupta , Agney S Talwarr , Tushar Kataria , Dan Roth , Vivek Gupta

Numerous benchmarks aim to evaluate the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) for causal inference and reasoning. However, many of them can likely be solved through the retrieval of domain knowledge, questioning whether they achieve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Linying Yang , Vik Shirvaikar , Oscar Clivio , Fabian Falck

Many benchmarks for automated causal inference evaluate a system's performance based on a single numerical output, such as an Average Treatment Effect (ATE). This approach conflates two distinct steps in causal analysis: identification -…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Ayush Sawarni , Jiyuan Tan , Vasilis Syrgkanis

Solving financial problems demands complex reasoning, multimodal data processing, and a broad technical understanding, presenting unique challenges for current large language models (LLMs). We introduce XFinBench, a novel benchmark with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Zhihan Zhang , Yixin Cao , Lizi Liao

Mathematical reasoning is essential for problem-solving in education, science, and industry, serving as a crucial benchmark for evaluating artificial intelligence systems. As Large Language Models (LLMs) improve their reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Husnain Amjad , Raja Khurram Shahzad , Aamir Shahzad , Mehwish Fatima

Chest Xray imaging is a widely used diagnostic tool in modern medicine, and its high utilization creates substantial workloads for radiologists. To alleviate this burden, vision language models are increasingly applied to automate Chest…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Shaoyang Zhou , Yingshu Li , Yunyi Liu , Lingqiao Liu , Lei Wang , Luping Zhou

The escalating demand for medical image interpretation underscores the critical need for advanced artificial intelligence solutions to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of radiological diagnoses. This paper introduces CXR-PathFinder, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Pimchanok Sukjai , Apiradee Boonmee

Recent advancements in multimodal Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced the automation of medical image analysis, particularly in generating radiology reports from chest X-rays (CXR). However, these models still suffer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Yunsoo Kim , Jinge Wu , Su-Hwan Kim , Pardeep Vasudev , Jiashu Shen , Honghan Wu

Large language models (LLMs) have become increasingly pivotal across various domains, especially in handling complex data types. This includes structured data processing, as exemplified by ChartQA and ChatGPT-Ada, and multimodal…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in general benchmarks, yet their competence in commodity supply chains (CSCs) -- a domain governed by institutional rule systems and feasibility constraints -- remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Yaxin Cui , Yuanqiang Zeng , Jiapeng Yan , Keling Lin , Kai Ji , Jianhui Zeng , Sheng Zhang , Xin Luo , Binzhu Su , Chaolai Shen , Jiahao Yu

Despite the progress in utilizing deep learning to automate chest radiograph interpretation and disease diagnosis tasks, change between sequential Chest X-rays (CXRs) has received limited attention. Monitoring the progression of pathologies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Gaurang Karwande , Amarachi Mbakawe , Joy T. Wu , Leo A. Celi , Mehdi Moradi , Ismini Lourentzou

Recent medical multimodal foundation models are built as multimodal LLMs (MLLMs) by connecting a CLIP-pretrained vision encoder to an LLM using LLaVA-style finetuning. This two-stage, decoupled approach introduces a projection layer that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Ashwin Kumar , Robbie Holland , Corey Barrett , Jangwon Kim , Maya Varma , Zhihong Chen , Yunhe Gao , Greg Zaharchuk , Tara Taghavi , Krishnaram Kenthapadi , Akshay Chaudhari

As large language models (LLMs) continue to advance and gain widespread use, establishing systematic and reliable evaluation methodologies for LLMs and vision-language models (VLMs) has become essential to ensure their real-world…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Jie Feng , Jun Zhang , Tianhui Liu , Xin Zhang , Tianjian Ouyang , Junbo Yan , Yuwei Du , Siqi Guo , Yong Li

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have made significant progress in code intelligence, yet systematically evaluating their code understanding and reasoning abilities remains challenging. Mainstream benchmarks such as HumanEval…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Kaiwen Yan , Yuhang Chang , Zirui Guo , Yaling Mou , Jiang Ming , Jingwei Sun

Cataract surgery remains one of the most widely performed and effective procedures for vision restoration. Effective surgical planning requires integrating diverse clinical examinations for patient assessment, intraocular lens (IOL)…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Yang Meng , Zewen Pan , Yandi Lu , Ruobing Huang , Yanfeng Liao , Jiarui Yang

Physics problem-solving is a challenging domain for AI models, requiring integration of conceptual understanding, mathematical reasoning, and interpretation of physical diagrams. Existing evaluations fail to capture the full breadth and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Lintao Wang , Encheng Su , Jiaqi Liu , Pengze Li , Jiabei Xiao , Wenlong Zhang , Xinnan Dai , Xi Chen , Yuan Meng , Lei Bai , Wanli Ouyang , Shixiang Tang , Aoran Wang , Xinzhu Ma