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Training Large Language Models (LLMs) presents significant memory challenges, predominantly due to the growing size of weights and optimizer states. Common memory-reduction approaches, such as low-rank adaptation (LoRA), add a trainable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Jiawei Zhao , Zhenyu Zhang , Beidi Chen , Zhangyang Wang , Anima Anandkumar , Yuandong Tian

Deep learning methods, in particular trained Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have recently been shown to produce compelling state-of-the-art results for single image Super-Resolution (SR). Invariably, a CNN is learned to map the low…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-02-07 Tiantong Guo , Hojjat S. Mousavi , Vishal Monga

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) lowers the computational and memory overhead of fine-tuning large models by updating a low-dimensional subspace of the pre-trained weight matrix. Albeit efficient, LoRA exhibits suboptimal convergence and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Yilang Zhang , Bingcong Li , Georgios B. Giannakis

Fine-tuning large foundation models presents significant memory challenges due to stateful optimizers like AdamW, often requiring several times more GPU memory than inference. While memory-efficient methods like parameter-efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Pouria Mahdavinia , Mehrdad Mahdavi

A common strategy for Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) of pre-trained Vision Transformers (ViTs) involves adapting the model to downstream tasks by learning a low-rank adaptation matrix. This matrix is decomposed into a product of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Wei Dong , Yuan Sun , Yiting Yang , Xing Zhang , Zhijun Lin , Qingsen Yan , Haokui Zhang , Peng Wang , Yang Yang , Hengtao Shen

Distance metric learning (DML) is an important task that has found applications in many domains. The high computational cost of DML arises from the large number of variables to be determined and the constraint that a distance metric has to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-04-05 Qi Qian , Rong Jin , Jinfeng Yi , Lijun Zhang , Shenghuo Zhu

Projected gradient descent and its Riemannian variant belong to a typical class of methods for low-rank matrix estimation. This paper proposes a new Nesterov's Accelerated Riemannian Gradient algorithm by efficient orthographic retraction…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-06-05 Hongyi Li , Zhen Peng , Chengwei Pan , Di Zhao

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) reduces the computational and memory demands of fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) by approximating updates with low-rank matrices. However, low-rank approximation in two-dimensional space fails to capture…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Xiaolin Hu , Xiang Cheng , Peiyu Liu , Wei Liu , Jian Luan , Bin Wang , Yong Liu

Large language models (LLMs) based on Transformer Decoders have become the preferred choice for conversational generative AI. Despite the overall superiority of the Decoder architecture, the gradually increasing Key-Value (KV) cache during…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Luohe Shi , Zuchao Li , Lefei Zhang , Guoming Liu , Baoyuan Qi , Hai Zhao

Low-rank gradient-based optimization methods have significantly improved memory efficiency during the training of large language models (LLMs), enabling operations within constrained hardware without sacrificing performance. However, these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Yehonathan Refael , Guy Smorodinsky , Tom Tirer , Ofir Lindenbaum

Continual Semantic Segmentation (CSS) seeks to incrementally learn to segment novel classes while preserving knowledge of previously encountered ones. Recent advancements in CSS have been largely driven by the adoption of Pre-trained Vision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Duzhen Zhang , Yong Ren , Wei Cong , Junhao Zheng , Qiaoyi Su , Shuncheng Jia , Zhong-Zhi Li , Xuanle Zhao , Ye Bai , Feilong Chen , Qi Tian , Tielin Zhang

The rapid advancements in vision-language models (VLMs), such as CLIP, have intensified the need to address distribution shifts between training and testing datasets. Although prior Test-Time Training (TTT) techniques for VLMs have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Yuto Kojima , Jiarui Xu , Xueyan Zou , Xiaolong Wang

Continual Pre-Training (CPT) on Large Language Models (LLMs) has been widely used to expand the model's fundamental understanding of specific downstream domains (e.g., math and code). For the CPT on domain-specific LLMs, one important…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Haoran Que , Jiaheng Liu , Ge Zhang , Chenchen Zhang , Xingwei Qu , Yinghao Ma , Feiyu Duan , Zhiqi Bai , Jiakai Wang , Yuanxing Zhang , Xu Tan , Jie Fu , Wenbo Su , Jiamang Wang , Lin Qu , Bo Zheng

Dimensionality reduction-based dictionary learning methods in the literature have often used iterative random projections. The dimensionality of such a random projection matrix is a random number that might not lead to a separable subspace…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 G. Madhuri , Atul Negi , Kaluri V. Rangarao

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) has emerged as an critical technique for adapting large-scale foundation models across natural language processing and computer vision. While existing methods such as low-rank adaptations achieve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-18 An Nguyen , Jaesik Choi , Anh Tong

Dynamic Rank Reinforcement Learning (DR-RL) approximations rely on static rank assumptions, limiting their flexibility across diverse linguistic contexts. Our method dynamically modulates ranks based on real-time sequence dynamics,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Caner Erden

Extensive efforts have been made to boost the performance in the domain of language models by introducing various attention-based transformers. However, the inclusion of linear layers with large dimensions contributes to significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Priyansh Bhatnagar , Linfeng Wen , Mingu Kang

With the ever-growing size of pretrained models (PMs), fine-tuning them has become more expensive and resource-hungry. As a remedy, low-rank adapters (LoRA) keep the main pretrained weights of the model frozen and just introduce some…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Mojtaba Valipour , Mehdi Rezagholizadeh , Ivan Kobyzev , Ali Ghodsi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional capabilities across diverse natural language processing benchmarks. However, the escalating scale of model parameters imposes prohibitive memory overheads during training,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Ziqing Wen , Ping Luo , Jiahuan Wang , Kun Yuan , Dongsheng Li , Tao Sun

Large Language Models' (LLMs) weight matrices can often be expressed in low-rank form with potential to relax memory and compute resource requirements. Unlike prior efforts that focus on developing novel matrix decompositions, in this work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Ajay Jaiswal , Yifan Wang , Lu Yin , Shiwei Liu , Runjin Chen , Jiawei Zhao , Ananth Grama , Yuandong Tian , Zhangyang Wang