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While natural language understanding (NLU) is advancing rapidly, today's technology differs from human-like language understanding in fundamental ways, notably in its inferior efficiency, interpretability, and generalization. This work…
Dialogue systems are a popular natural language processing (NLP) task as it is promising in real-life applications. It is also a complicated task since many NLP tasks deserving study are involved. As a result, a multitude of novel works on…
Neural network-based representations ("embeddings") have dramatically advanced natural language processing (NLP) tasks, including clinical NLP tasks such as concept extraction. Recently, however, more advanced embedding methods and…
Word Embeddings are used widely in multiple Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications. They are coordinates associated with each word in a dictionary, inferred from statistical properties of these words in a large corpus. In this paper…
State-of-the-art natural language processing (NLP) models are trained on massive training corpora, and report a superlative performance on evaluation datasets. This survey delves into an important attribute of these datasets: the dialect of…
Embedding fusion has emerged as an effective approach for enhancing performance across various NLP tasks. However, systematic guidelines for selecting optimal layers and developing effective fusion strategies for the integration of LLMs…
English has long been assumed the $\textit{lingua franca}$ of scientific research, and this notion is reflected in the natural language processing (NLP) research involving scientific document representation. In this position piece, we…
Embeddings from contemporary natural language processing (NLP) models are commonly used as numerical representations for words or sentences. However, odor descriptor words, like "leather" or "fruity", vary significantly between their…
Digital learning platforms enable students to learn on a flexible and individual schedule as well as providing instant feedback mechanisms. The field of STEM education requires students to solve numerous training exercises to grasp…
Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being used in education, yet their correctness alone does not capture the quality, reliability, or pedagogical validity of their problem-solving behavior, especially in mathematics, where…
Various NLP problems -- such as the prediction of sentence similarity, entailment, and discourse relations -- are all instances of the same general task: the modeling of semantic relations between a pair of textual elements. A popular model…
Mathematical text is written using a combination of words and mathematical expressions. This combination, along with a specific way of structuring sentences makes it challenging for state-of-art NLP tools to understand and reason on top of…
Neural symbolic processing aims to combine the generalization of logical learning approaches and the performance of neural networks. The Neural Theorem Proving (NTP) model by Rocktaschel et al (2017) learns embeddings for concepts and…
Since their inception, embeddings have become a primary ingredient in many flavours of Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks supplanting earlier types of representation. Even though multilingual embeddings have been used for the…
This survey provides an overview of the challenges of misspellings in natural language processing (NLP). While often unintentional, misspellings have become ubiquitous in digital communication, especially with the proliferation of Web 2.0,…
Embeddings play an important role in end-to-end solutions for multi-modal language processing problems. Although there has been some effort to understand the properties of single-modality embedding spaces, particularly that of text, their…
Embedding-based neural topic models could explicitly represent words and topics by embedding them to a homogeneous feature space, which shows higher interpretability. However, there are no explicit constraints for the training of…
Distributed representations of meaning are a natural way to encode covariance relationships between words and phrases in NLP. By overcoming data sparsity problems, as well as providing information about semantic relatedness which is not…
Recently, the integration of cognitive neuroscience in Natural Language Processing (NLP) has gained significant attention. This article provides a critical and timely overview of recent advancements in leveraging cognitive signals,…
Word embeddings are rich word representations, which in combination with deep neural networks, lead to large performance gains for many NLP tasks. However, word embeddings are represented by dense, real-valued vectors and they are therefore…