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Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly optimized for long reasoning, under the assumption that more reasoning leads to better performance. However, emerging evidence suggests that longer responses can sometimes degrade accuracy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Jinyan Su , Jennifer Healey , Preslav Nakov , Claire Cardie

Recent advances in test-time scaling suggest that Large Language Models (LLMs) can gain better capabilities by generating Chain-of-Thought reasoning (analogous to human thinking) to respond a given request, and meanwhile exploring more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yuhang Wang , Youhe Jiang , Bin Cui , Fangcheng Fu

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive reasoning capabilities by scaling test-time compute via long Chain-of-Thought (CoT). However, recent findings suggest that raw token counts are unreliable proxies for reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Wei-Lin Chen , Liqian Peng , Tian Tan , Chao Zhao , Blake JianHang Chen , Ziqian Lin , Alec Go , Yu Meng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in complex tasks. Recent advancements in Large Reasoning Models (LRMs), such as OpenAI o1 and DeepSeek-R1, have further improved performance in System-2 reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Yang Sui , Yu-Neng Chuang , Guanchu Wang , Jiamu Zhang , Tianyi Zhang , Jiayi Yuan , Hongyi Liu , Andrew Wen , Shaochen Zhong , Na Zou , Hanjie Chen , Xia Hu

Compressing long chain-of-thought (CoT) from large language models (LLMs) is an emerging strategy to improve the reasoning efficiency of LLMs. Despite its promising benefits, existing studies equally compress all thoughts within a long CoT,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yansong Ning , Wei Li , Jun Fang , Naiqiang Tan , Hao Liu

Recently, Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have gradually become a research hotspot due to their outstanding performance in handling complex tasks. Among them, DeepSeek R1 has garnered significant attention for its exceptional performance and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Linan Yue , Yichao Du , Yizhi Wang , Weibo Gao , Fangzhou Yao , Li Wang , Ye Liu , Ziyu Xu , Qi Liu , Shimin Di , Min-Ling Zhang

Scaling test-time compute through extended chains of thought has become a dominant paradigm for improving large language model reasoning. However, existing research implicitly assumes that longer thinking always yields better results. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Shu Zhou , Rui Ling , Junan Chen , Xin Wang , Tao Fan , Hao Wang

Recently, techniques such as explicit structured reasoning have demonstrated strong test-time scaling behavior by enforcing a separation between the model's internal "thinking" process and the final response. A key factor influencing answer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Roy Eisenstadt , Itamar Zimerman , Lior Wolf

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive performance in reasoning tasks. However, LLMs tend to generate excessively long reasoning content, leading to significant computational overhead. Our observations indicate that even on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Guochao Jiang , Guofeng Quan , Zepeng Ding , Ziqin Luo , Dixuan Wang , Zheng Hu

Listwise reranking utilizing Large Language Models (LLMs) has achieved state-of-the-art retrieval effectiveness. Recently, reasoning-enhanced models have further pushed these boundaries by employing Chain-of-Thought (CoT) to perform deep…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Danyang Liu , Kan Li

O1/R1 style large reasoning models (LRMs) signal a substantial leap forward over conventional instruction-following LLMs. By applying test-time scaling to generate extended reasoning paths, they establish many SOTAs across a wide range of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Wei Han , Geng Zhan , Sicheng Yu , Chenyu Wang , Bryan Hooi

Large reasoning models (LRMs) have achieved impressive performance in complex tasks, often outperforming conventional large language models (LLMs). However, the prevalent issue of overthinking severely limits their computational efficiency.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Zhiyuan Li , Yi Chang , Yuan Wu

Reasoning Large Language Models (RLLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on complex tasks, largely due to the adoption of Long Chain-of-Thought (Long CoT) reasoning. However, they often exhibit overthinking -- performing unnecessary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Keqin Peng , Liang Ding , Yuanxin Ouyang , Meng Fang , Dacheng Tao

While recent success of large reasoning models (LRMs) significantly advanced LLMs' reasoning capability by optimizing the final answer accuracy using reinforcement learning, they may also drastically increase the output length due to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Sohyun An , Ruochen Wang , Tianyi Zhou , Cho-Jui Hsieh

Large Language Models (LLMs) employ Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning to deconstruct complex problems. While longer CoTs are often presumed superior, this paper challenges that notion, arguing that longer is not always better. Drawing on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Yuyang Wu , Yifei Wang , Ziyu Ye , Tianqi Du , Stefanie Jegelka , Yisen Wang

Long chain-of-thought~(CoT) has become a dominant paradigm for enhancing the reasoning capability of large reasoning models~(LRMs); however, the performance gains often come with a substantial increase in reasoning budget. Recent studies…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jie Cao , Tianwei Lin , Zhenxuan Fan , Bo Yuan , Ziyuan Zhao , Rolan Yan , Wenqiao Zhang , Siliang Tang

Reasoning Language Models, capable of extended chain-of-thought reasoning, have demonstrated remarkable performance on tasks requiring complex logical inference. However, applying elaborate reasoning for all queries often results in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Gongfan Fang , Xinyin Ma , Xinchao Wang

Recent studies have shown that making a model spend more time thinking through longer Chain of Thoughts (CoTs) enables it to gain significant improvements in complex reasoning tasks. While current researches continue to explore the benefits…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Wenkai Yang , Shuming Ma , Yankai Lin , Furu Wei

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in handling complex tasks through long-chain reasoning. However, the extensive reasoning steps involved can significantly increase computational costs, posing challenges for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Yunhao Wang , Yuhao Zhang , Tinghao Yu , Can Xu , Feng Zhang , Fengzong Lian

Thinking Large Language Models (LLMs) generate explicit intermediate reasoning traces before final answers, potentially improving transparency, interpretability, and solution accuracy for code generation. However, the quality of these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Haoran Xue , Gias Uddin , Song Wang
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