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Automatic Program Repair (APR) is a core technology in software development and maintenance, with aims to enable automated defect repair with minimal human intervention. In recent years, the substantial advancements in Large Language Models…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Quanming Liu , Xupeng Bu , Zhichao Yan , Ru Li

Program synthesis and repair have emerged as an exciting area of research, driven by the potential for revolutionary advances in programmer productivity. Among most promising ideas emerging for synthesis are syntax-driven search,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-07-14 Manos Koukoutos , Mukund Raghothaman , Etienne Kneuss , Viktor Kuncak

APR (Automated Program Repair) aims to automatically locate program defects, generate patches and validate the repairs. Existing techniques for APR are often combined with LLMs (Large Language Models), which leverages the code-related…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Haichuan Hu , Xiaochen Xie , Quanjun Zhang

Test-based automated program repair has been a prolific field of research in software engineering in the last decade. Many approaches have indeed been proposed, which leverage test suites as a weak, but affordable, approximation to program…

Modern software development relies on the reuse of code via Application Programming Interfaces (APIs). Such reuse relieves developers from learning and developing established algorithms and data structures anew, enabling them to focus on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Sebastian Nielebock , Paul Blockhaus , Jacob Krüger , Frank Ortmeier

Iterative refinement has been a promising paradigm to enable large language models (LLMs) to resolve difficult reasoning and problem-solving tasks. One of the key challenges, however, is how to effectively search through the enormous search…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Daria Ozerova , Ekaterina Trofimova

The advance in machine learning (ML)-driven natural language process (NLP) points a promising direction for automatic bug fixing for software programs, as fixing a buggy program can be transformed to a translation task. While software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Wenshuo Wang , Chen Wu , Liang Cheng , Yang Zhang

During last years, researches have proposed novel repair approaches that automatically generate patches for repairing software bugs. Repair approaches can be loosely characterized along the main design philosophy such generate- and-validate…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-02-13 Matias Martinez , Martin Monperrus

With the rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs), traditional Automated Program Repair (APR) techniques have undergone significant transformation. Training-free approaches, such as zero-shot and few-shot prompting, are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Haichuan Hu , Ye Shang , Weifeng Sun , Quanjun Zhang

Language models for program synthesis are usually trained and evaluated on programming competition datasets (MBPP, APPS). However, these datasets are limited in size and quality, while these language models are extremely data hungry.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Noah van der Vleuten

Symbolic regression (SR) is a data analysis problem where we search for the mathematical expression that best fits a numerical dataset. It is a global optimization problem. The most popular approach to SR is by genetic programming (SRGP).…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Sohrab Towfighi

Gaussian processes (GPs) have gained popularity as flexible machine learning models for regression and function approximation with an in-built method for uncertainty quantification. However, GPs suffer when the amount of training data is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-26 Jonas Latz , Aretha L. Teckentrup , Simon Urbainczyk

A long-standing open challenge for automated program repair is the overfitting problem, which is caused by having insufficient or incomplete specifications to validate whether a generated patch is correct or not. Most available repair…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-11-11 Omar I. Al-Bataineh , Anastasiia Grishina , Leon Moonen

Transformer Semantic Genetic Programming (TSGP) is a semantic search approach that uses a pre-trained transformer model as a variation operator to generate offspring programs with high semantic similarity to a given parent. Unlike other…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Philipp Anthes , Dominik Sobania , Franz Rothlauf

In High-Level Synthesis (HLS), converting a regular C/C++ program into its HLS-compatible counterpart (HLS-C) still requires tremendous manual effort. Various program scripts have been introduced to automate this process. But the resulting…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-08 Kangwei Xu , Grace Li Zhang , Xunzhao Yin , Cheng Zhuo , Ulf Schlichtmann , Bing Li

Vulnerabilities are challenging to locate and repair, especially when source code is unavailable and binary patching is required. Manual methods are time-consuming, require significant expertise, and do not scale to the rate at which new…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Pemma Reiter , Hui Jun Tay , Westley Weimer , Adam Doupé , Ruoyu Wang , Stephanie Forrest

Linear Genetic Programming (LGP) is a powerful technique that allows for a variety of problems to be solved using a linear representation of programs. However, there still exists some limitations to the technique, such as the need for…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Urmzd Mukhammadnaim

Debugging takes up a significant portion of developer time. As a result, automated debugging techniques including Fault Localization (FL) and Automated Program Repair (APR) have garnered significant attention due to their potential to aid…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-01-02 Sungmin Kang , Wonkeun Choi , Shin Yoo

Many statistical problems involve optimization over a discrete parameter space having an unknown dimension. In such settings, gradient-based methods often fail due to the non-differentiability of the objective function or a non-convex or…

Applications · Statistics 2026-03-19 Mo Li , QiQi Lu , Robert Lund , Xueheng Shi

The automated program repair field has attracted substantial interest over the years, but despite significant research efforts, creating a system that works well for complex semantic bugs such as security vulnerabilities has proven…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Berkay Berabi , Alexey Gronskiy , Veselin Raychev , Gishor Sivanrupan , Victor Chibotaru , Martin Vechev