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Despite the widespread adoption of autoregressive language models, explainability evaluation research has predominantly focused on span infilling and masked language models. Evaluating the faithfulness of an explanation method -- how…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Sepehr Kamahi , Yadollah Yaghoobzadeh

State-of-the-art parametric and non-parametric style transfer approaches are prone to either distorted local style patterns due to global statistics alignment, or unpleasing artifacts resulting from patch mismatching. In this paper, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Yongcheng Jing , Yining Mao , Yiding Yang , Yibing Zhan , Mingli Song , Xinchao Wang , Dacheng Tao

Through the use of carefully tailored convolutional neural network architectures, a deep image prior (DIP) can be used to obtain pre-images from latent representation encodings. Though DIP inversion has been known to be superior to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Vivek Narayanaswamy , Jayaraman J. Thiagarajan , Andreas Spanias

With the ongoing rise of machine learning, the need for methods for explaining decisions made by artificial intelligence systems is becoming a more and more important topic. Especially for image classification tasks, many state-of-the-art…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Silvan Mertes , Tobias Huber , Katharina Weitz , Alexander Heimerl , Elisabeth André

Existing tools for explaining complex models and systems are associational rather than causal and do not provide mechanistic understanding. We propose a new notion called counterfactual explainability for causal attribution that is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-07 Zijun Gao , Qingyuan Zhao

It is well-known that real-world changes constituting distribution shift adversely affect model performance. How to characterize those changes in an interpretable manner is poorly understood. Existing techniques to address this problem take…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Adam Stein , Yinjun Wu , Eric Wong , Mayur Naik

Intrinsic interpretability of graph neural networks (GNNs) is to find a small subset of the input graph's features -- rationale -- which guides the model prediction. Unfortunately, the leading rationalization models often rely on data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Ying-Xin Wu , Xiang Wang , An Zhang , Xiangnan He , Tat-Seng Chua

Neural networks are prone to learning shortcuts -- they often model simple correlations, ignoring more complex ones that potentially generalize better. Prior works on image classification show that instead of learning a connection to object…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-18 Axel Sauer , Andreas Geiger

Inferring causal links or subgraphs corresponding to a specific phenotype or label based solely on measured data is an important yet challenging task, which is also different from inferring causal nodes. While Graph Neural Network (GNN)…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Qibin Zhang , Chengshang Lyu , Lingxi Chen , Qiqi Jin , Luonan Chen

Counterfactual explanations have been widely studied in explainability, with a range of application dependent methods prominent in fairness, recourse and model understanding. The major shortcoming associated with these methods, however, is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Dan Ley , Saumitra Mishra , Daniele Magazzeni

Graph neural networks have shown great ability in representation (GNNs) learning on graphs, facilitating various tasks. Despite their great performance in modeling graphs, recent works show that GNNs tend to inherit and amplify the bias…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Zhimeng Guo , Jialiang Li , Teng Xiao , Yao Ma , Suhang Wang

Understanding the decision processes of deep vision models is essential for their safe and trustworthy deployment in real-world settings. Existing explainability approaches, such as saliency maps or concept-based analyses, often suffer from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Éloi Zablocki , Valentin Gerard , Amaia Cardiel , Eric Gaussier , Matthieu Cord , Eduardo Valle

Recent interest in the external validity of prediction models (i.e., the problem of different train and test distributions, known as dataset shift) has produced many methods for finding predictive distributions that are invariant to dataset…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-07-20 Adarsh Subbaswamy , Bryant Chen , Suchi Saria

Neural style transfer (NST) can create impressive artworks by transferring reference style to content image. Current image-to-image NST methods are short of fine-grained controls, which are often demanded by artistic editing. To mitigate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-28 Zheng Lin , Zhao Zhang , Kang-Rui Zhang , Bo Ren , Ming-Ming Cheng

Universal Neural Style Transfer (NST) methods are capable of performing style transfer of arbitrary styles in a style-agnostic manner via feature transforms in (almost) real-time. Even though their unimodal parametric style modeling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-03 Paraskevas Pegios , Nikolaos Passalis , Anastasios Tefas

Arbitrary style transfer holds widespread attention in research and boasts numerous practical applications. The existing methods, which either employ cross-attention to incorporate deep style attributes into content attributes or use…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Zhanjie Zhang , Jiakai Sun , Guangyuan Li , Lei Zhao , Quanwei Zhang , Zehua Lan , Haolin Yin , Wei Xing , Huaizhong Lin , Zhiwen Zuo

Both geometry and texture are fundamental aspects of visual style. Existing style transfer methods, however, primarily focus on texture, almost entirely ignoring geometry. We propose deformable style transfer (DST), an optimization-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Sunnie S. Y. Kim , Nicholas Kolkin , Jason Salavon , Gregory Shakhnarovich

As NLP models become increasingly integral to decision-making processes, the need for explainability and interpretability has become paramount. In this work, we propose a framework that achieves the aforementioned by generating semantically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Dimitris Lymperopoulos , Maria Lymperaiou , Giorgos Filandrianos , Giorgos Stamou

The Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) method, which adjusts or introduces fewer trainable parameters to calibrate pre-trained models on downstream tasks, has become a recent research interest. However, existing PEFT methods within the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Jiacheng Ruan , Jingsheng Gao , Mingye Xie , Suncheng Xiang , Zefang Yu , Ting Liu , Yuzhuo Fu

Neural style transfer (NST), where an input image is rendered in the style of another image, has been a topic of considerable progress in recent years. Research over that time has been dominated by transferring aspects of color and texture,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-13 Xiao-Chang Liu , Xuan-Yi Li , Ming-Ming Cheng , Peter Hall