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Current AI-powered research systems adopt a direct search-then-summarize paradigm that treats hypotheses as end products of scientific discovery. We argue this leaves a critical gap: hypotheses can serve a far more powerful role as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Michael Chin

As AI promises to accelerate scientific discovery, it remains unclear whether fully AI-driven research is possible and whether it can adhere to key scientific values, such as transparency, traceability and verifiability. Mimicking human…

Other Quantitative Biology · Quantitative Biology 2024-04-30 Tal Ifargan , Lukas Hafner , Maor Kern , Ori Alcalay , Roy Kishony

Artificial intelligence systems for scientific discovery have demonstrated remarkable potential, yet existing approaches remain largely proprietary and operate in batch-processing modes requiring hours per research cycle, precluding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Lukas Weidener , Marko Brkić , Mihailo Jovanović , Ritvik Singh , Chiara Baccin , Emre Ulgac , Alex Dobrin , Aakaash Meduri

Scientific discovery is being revolutionized by AI and autonomous systems, yet current autonomous laboratories remain isolated islands unable to collaborate across institutions. We present the Autonomous Interconnected Science Lab Ecosystem…

Scientific research has long been human-led, driving new knowledge and transformative technologies through the continual revision of questions, methods and claims as evidence accumulates. Although large language model (LLM)-based agents are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Shuxing Yang , Fujia Chen , Rui Zhao , Junyao Wu , Yize Wang , Haiyao Luo , Ning Han , Qiaolu Chen , Yuze Hu , Wenhao Li , Mingzhu Li , Hongsheng Chen , Yihao Yang

Autonomous scientific discovery with large language model (LLM)-based agents has recently made substantial progress, demonstrating the ability to automate end-to-end research workflows. However, existing systems largely rely on…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Tengyue Xu , Zhuoyang Qian , Gaoge Liu , Li Ling , Zhentao Zhang , Biao Wu , Shuo Zhang , Ke Lu , Wei Shi , Ziqi Wang , Zheng Feng , Yan Luo , Shu Xu , Yongjin Chen , Zhibo Feng , Zhuo Chen , Bruce Yuan , Harry Wang , Kris Chen

As the volume of published scholarly literature continues to grow, finding relevant literature becomes increasingly difficult. With the rise of generative Artificial Intelligence (AI), and particularly Large Language Models (LLMs), new…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Allard Oelen , Mohamad Yaser Jaradeh , Sören Auer

A key challenge in artificial intelligence is the creation of systems capable of autonomously advancing scientific understanding by exploring novel domains, identifying complex patterns, and uncovering previously unseen connections in vast…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Alireza Ghafarollahi , Markus J. Buehler

Literature is the primary expression of scientific knowledge and an important source of research data. However, scientific knowledge expressed in narrative text documents is not inherently machine reusable. To facilitate knowledge reuse,…

Recent advances in LLMs have made automated scientific research the next frontline in the path to artificial superintelligence. However, these systems are bound either to tasks of narrow scope or the limited creative capabilities of LLMs.…

Design inspiration is crucial for establishing the direction of a design as well as evoking feelings and conveying meanings during the conceptual design process. Many practice designers use text-based searches on platforms like Pinterest to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Ye Wang , Nicole B. Damen , Thomas Gale , Voho Seo , Hooman Shayani

Modern searches for physics beyond the Standard Model produce rapidly expanding literature containing heterogeneous information, including textual analyses, numerical datasets, and graphical exclusion limits. Integrating these distributed…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2026-05-05 Altan Cakir , Ayca Yerlikaya

New systems employ Machine Learning to sift through large knowledge sources, creating flexible Large Language Models. These models discern context and predict sequential information in various communication forms. Generative AI, leveraging…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Ted Selker

The Observation--Hypothesis--Prediction--Experimentation loop paradigm for scientific research has been practiced by researchers for years towards scientific discoveries. However, with data explosion in both mega-scale and milli-scale…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Zelong Li , Jianchao Ji , Yongfeng Zhang

Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping modern healthcare by advancing disease diagnosis, treatment decision-making, and biomedical research. Among AI technologies, large language models (LLMs) have become especially impactful, enabling…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Zhengda Wang , Daqian Shi , Jingyi Zhao , Xiaolei Diao , Xiongfeng Tang , Yanguo Qin

Autonomous editorial systems represent an emerging class of computational frameworks that transform how large volumes of information are ingested, organized, and analyzed. This work presents a structured, continuously operating editorial…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Ahmed Banafea

Large language models (LLMs) have grown in their usage to provide support for question answering across numerous disciplines. The models on their own have already shown promise for answering basic questions, however fail quickly where…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-15 David Brett , Anniek Myatt

Scientific knowledge is growing rapidly, making it difficult to track progress and high-level conceptual links across broad disciplines. While tools like citation networks and search engines help retrieve related papers, they lack the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Muhan Gao , Jash Shah , Weiqi Wang , Kuan-Hao Huang , Daniel Khashabi

Artificial Intelligence has proven to be a transformative tool for advancing scientific research across a wide range of disciplines. However, a significant gap still exists between AI and scientific communities, limiting the full potential…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Yutong Xie , Yijun Pan , Hua Xu , Qiaozhu Mei

The emergence of AI Scientists has demonstrated remarkable potential in automating scientific research. However, current approaches largely conceptualize scientific discovery as a solitary optimization or search process, overlooking that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Qingbin Zeng , Bingbing Fan , Zhiyu Chen , Sijian Ren , Zhilun Zhou , Xuhua Zhang , Yuanyi Zhen , Fengli Xu , Yong Li , Tie-Yan Liu
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