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Related papers: Conversations: Love Them, Hate Them, Steer Them

200 papers

Cognitive biases often shape human decisions. While large language models (LLMs) have been shown to reproduce well-known biases, a more critical question is whether LLMs can predict biases at the individual level and emulate the dynamics of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Stephen Pilli , Vivek Nallur

Activation engineering is becoming increasingly popular as a means of online control of large language models (LLMs). In this work, we extend the idea of inference-time steering with vectors that represent a behavioral direction of interest…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Christopher M. Ackerman

We address the challenge of societal bias in Large Language Models (LLMs), focusing on the Llama 2 7B Chat model. As LLMs are increasingly integrated into decision-making processes with substantial societal impact, it becomes imperative to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Dawn Lu , Nina Rimsky

While both agent interaction and personalisation are vibrant topics in research on large language models (LLMs), there has been limited focus on the effect of language interaction on the behaviour of persona-conditioned LLM agents. Such an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Ivar Frisch , Mario Giulianelli

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently displayed their extraordinary capabilities in language understanding. However, how to comprehensively assess the sentiment capabilities of LLMs continues to be a challenge. This paper investigates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Yang Liu , Xichou Zhu , Zhou Shen , Yi Liu , Min Li , Yujun Chen , Benzi John , Zhenzhen Ma , Tao Hu , Zhi Li , Zhiyang Xu , Wei Luo , Junhui Wang

In this work, we conduct an analysis to examine the consistency of Large Language Models (LLMs) with respect to their own generated responses in an emotionally-driven conversational context. Specifically, the text generated by LLM is framed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Sneha Oram , Ojaswita Bhushan , Pushpak Bhattacharyya

The advent of large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT has attracted considerable attention in various domains due to their remarkable performance and versatility. As the use of these models continues to grow, the importance of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Jill Baumann , Oliver Kramer

Large language models (LLMs) are transforming research on machine learning while galvanizing public debates. Understanding not only when these models work well and succeed but also why they fail and misbehave is of great societal relevance.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Julian Coda-Forno , Kristin Witte , Akshay K. Jagadish , Marcel Binz , Zeynep Akata , Eric Schulz

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in socially complex, interaction-driven tasks, yet their ability to mirror human behavior in emotionally and strategically complex contexts remains underexplored. This study assesses…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Deuksin Kwon , Kaleen Shrestha , Bin Han , Elena Hayoung Lee , Gale Lucas

Recent work in activation steering has demonstrated the potential to better control the outputs of Large Language Models (LLMs), but it involves finding steering vectors. This is difficult because engineers do not typically know how…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Ole Jorgensen , Dylan Cope , Nandi Schoots , Murray Shanahan

This paper discusses the theory and algorithms for interacting large language model agents (LLMAs) using methods from statistical signal processing and microeconomics. While both fields are mature, their application to decision-making…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Adit Jain , Vikram Krishnamurthy

We introduce Contrastive Activation Addition (CAA), an innovative method for steering language models by modifying their activations during forward passes. CAA computes "steering vectors" by averaging the difference in residual stream…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Nina Panickssery , Nick Gabrieli , Julian Schulz , Meg Tong , Evan Hubinger , Alexander Matt Turner

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in emotionally sensitive human-AI applications, yet little is known about how emotion recognition is internally represented. In this work, we investigate the internal mechanisms of emotion…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Bangzhao Shu , Arinjay Singh , Mai ElSherief

Large language models have transformed AI, yet reliably controlling their outputs remains a challenge. This paper explores activation engineering, where outputs of pre-trained LLMs are controlled by manipulating their activations at…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Joris Postmus , Steven Abreu

Humans no doubt use language to communicate about their emotional experiences, but does language in turn help humans understand emotions, or is language just a vehicle of communication? This study used a form of artificial intelligence (AI)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Ming Li , Yusheng Su , Hsiu-Yuan Huang , Jiali Cheng , Xin Hu , Xinmiao Zhang , Huadong Wang , Yujia Qin , Xiaozhi Wang , Kristen A. Lindquist , Zhiyuan Liu , Dan Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities in text generation, yet their emotional consistency and semantic coherence in social media contexts remain insufficiently understood. This study investigates how LLMs handle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Wentao Xu , Wenlu Fan , Yuqi Zhu , Bin Wang

Large language models (LLMs) reflect societal norms and biases, especially about gender. While societal biases and stereotypes have been extensively researched in various NLP applications, there is a surprising gap for emotion analysis.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Flor Miriam Plaza-del-Arco , Amanda Cercas Curry , Alba Curry , Gavin Abercrombie , Dirk Hovy

Large language models (LLMs) tend to verbalize confidence scores that are largely detached from their actual accuracy, yet the geometric relationship governing this behavior remain poorly understood. In this work, we present a mechanistic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Miranda Muqing Miao , Lyle Ungar

The advent of large language models (LLMs) has gained tremendous attention over the past year. Previous studies have shown the astonishing performance of LLMs not only in other tasks but also in emotion recognition in terms of accuracy,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Liyizhe Peng , Zixing Zhang , Tao Pang , Jing Han , Huan Zhao , Hao Chen , Björn W. Schuller

Recent research shows that greater numbers of people are turning to Large Language Models (LLMs) for emotional support, and that people rate LLM responses as more empathic than human-written responses. We suggest a reason for this success:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Emma Gueorguieva , Hongli Zhan , Jina Suh , Javier Hernandez , Tatiana Lau , Junyi Jessy Li , Desmond C. Ong