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Previous work has showcased the intriguing capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in instruction-following and rhetorical fluency. However, systematic exploration of their dual capabilities to autonomously persuade and resist…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Tianjie Ju , Yujia Chen , Hao Fei , Mong-Li Lee , Wynne Hsu , Pengzhou Cheng , Zongru Wu , Zhuosheng Zhang , Gongshen Liu

Current large-language models (LLMs) typically adopt a fixed reasoning strategy, either simple or complex, for all questions, regardless of their difficulty. This neglect of variation in task and reasoning process complexity leads to an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yi Wang , Junxiao Liu , Shimao Zhang , Jiajun Chen , Shujian Huang

Personalization is a critical task in modern intelligent systems, with applications spanning diverse domains, including interactions with large language models (LLMs). Recent advances in reasoning capabilities have significantly enhanced…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Sichun Luo , Guanzhi Deng , Jian Xu , Xiaojie Zhang , Hanxu Hou , Linqi Song

Tool-Integrated Reasoning (TIR) has significantly enhanced the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), yet current agents tend to exhibit cognitive offloading, redundantly invoking external tools even for simple tasks. In this paper,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Zhaiyu Fang , Ruipeng Sun

The proliferation of online news poses a challenge to extracting structured timelines from unstructured content. While recent studies have shown that Large Language Models (LLMs) can assist Timeline Summarization (TLS), these approaches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Liancheng Zhang , Xiaoxi Li , Zhicheng Dou

Large language models (LLMs) often struggle with complex logical reasoning due to logical inconsistencies and the inherent difficulty of such reasoning. We use Lean, a theorem proving framework, to address these challenges. By formalizing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Dongwei Jiang , Marcio Fonseca , Shay B. Cohen

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly adopted as evaluators, offering a scalable alternative to human annotation. However, existing supervised fine-tuning (SFT) approaches often fall short in domains that demand complex reasoning.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Nuo Chen , Zhiyuan Hu , Qingyun Zou , Jiaying Wu , Qian Wang , Bryan Hooi , Bingsheng He

Diffusion large language models (dLLMs) are promising alternatives to autoregressive large language models (AR-LLMs), as they potentially allow higher inference throughput. Reinforcement learning (RL) is a crucial component for dLLMs to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yuchen Zhu , Wei Guo , Jaemoo Choi , Petr Molodyk , Bo Yuan , Molei Tao , Yongxin Chen

Integrating free-text explanations to in-context learning of large language models (LLM) is shown to elicit strong reasoning capabilities along with reasonable explanations. In this paper, we consider the problem of leveraging the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Shiyang Li , Jianshu Chen , Yelong Shen , Zhiyu Chen , Xinlu Zhang , Zekun Li , Hong Wang , Jing Qian , Baolin Peng , Yi Mao , Wenhu Chen , Xifeng Yan

In recent years, lightweight large language models (LLMs) have garnered significant attention in the robotics field due to their low computational resource requirements and suitability for edge deployment. However, in task planning --…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Weijie Zhou , Manli Tao , Chaoyang Zhao , Honghui Dong , Ming Tang , Jinqiao Wang

Recent advancements in artificial intelligence have propelled the capabilities of Large Language Models, yet their ability to mimic nuanced human reasoning remains limited. This paper introduces a novel conceptual enhancement to LLMs,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Sumedh Rasal

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a key technique for enhancing the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs), with policy-gradient algorithms dominating the post-training stage because of their efficiency and effectiveness.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Chang Tian , Matthew B. Blaschko , Mingzhe Xing , Xiuxing Li , Yinliang Yue , Marie-Francine Moens

Large Language Models (LLMs) are vulnerable to jailbreak attacks that exploit weaknesses in traditional safety alignment, which often relies on rigid refusal heuristics or representation engineering to block harmful outputs. While they are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Yuyou Zhang , Miao Li , William Han , Yihang Yao , Zhepeng Cen , Ding Zhao

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced their ability to perform complex reasoning tasks, transitioning from fast and intuitive thinking (System 1) to slow and deep reasoning (System 2). While System…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Rui Wang , Hongru Wang , Boyang Xue , Jianhui Pang , Shudong Liu , Yi Chen , Jiahao Qiu , Derek Fai Wong , Heng Ji , Kam-Fai Wong

Existing approaches typically rely on fixed length penalties, but such penalties are hard to tune and fail to adapt to the evolving reasoning abilities of LLMs, leading to suboptimal trade-offs between accuracy and conciseness. To address…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Yanhao Li , Lu Ma , Jiaran Zhang , Lexiang Tang , Wentao Zhang , Guibo Luo

Self-evaluation, a model's ability to assess the correctness of its own output, is crucial for Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) to achieve self-improvement in multi-turn conversations, yet largely absent in foundation models. Recent work has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Wenkai Wang , Hongcan Guo , Zheqi Lv , Shengyu Zhang

Scaling inference-time compute for Large Language Models (LLMs) has unlocked unprecedented reasoning capabilities. However, existing inference-time scaling methods typically rely on inefficient and suboptimal discrete search algorithms or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Peihao Wang , Ruisi Cai , Zhen Wang , Hongyuan Mei , Qiang Liu , Pan Li , Zhangyang Wang

Log parsing transforms log messages into structured formats, serving as a crucial step for log analysis. Despite a variety of log parsers that have been proposed, their performance on evolving log data remains unsatisfactory due to reliance…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Yifan Wu , Siyu Yu , Ying Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated powerful reasoning capabilities through Chain-of-Thought (CoT) in various tasks, yet the inefficiency of token-by-token generation hinders real-world deployment in latency-sensitive recommender…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yiwen Chen , Fuwei Zhang , Zehao Chen , Deqing Wang , Hehan Li , Peizhi Xu , Hanmeng Liu , Shuanglong Li , Xin Pei , Fuzhen Zhuang , Zhao Zhang

In recent years, the research focus of large language models (LLMs) and agents has shifted increasingly from demonstrating novel capabilities to complex reasoning and tackling challenging tasks. However, existing evaluations focus mainly on…