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We introduce Spectral Guidance, a framework for controlling diffusion models by leveraging the intrinsic geometry of the generative process. As data is progressively corrupted by noise, only a small number of features remain informative for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Gabriel Moreira , Manuel Marques , João Paulo Costeira , Chenyan Xiong

In this two-part paper, we present a novel framework and methodology to analyze data from certain image-based biochemical assays, e.g., ELISPOT and Fluorospot assays. In this first part, we start by presenting a physical partial…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-10-19 Pol del Aguila Pla , Joakim Jaldén

Diffusion sampling-based Plug-and-Play (PnP) methods produce images with high perceptual quality but often suffer from reduced data fidelity, primarily due to the noise introduced during reverse diffusion. To address this trade-off, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Zhen Wang , Hongyi Liu , Jianing Li , Zhihui Wei

Inferring physical fields from sparse observations while strictly satisfying partial differential equations (PDEs) is a fundamental challenge in computational physics. Recently, deep generative models offer powerful data-driven priors for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Zichao Yu , Ming Li , Wenyi Zhang , Difan Zou , Weiguo Gao

Score-based diffusion models achieve state-of-the-art performance for inverse problems, but their practical deployment is hindered by long inference times and cumbersome hyperparameter tuning. While pretrained diffusion models can be reused…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Julio Oscanoa , Irmak Sivgin , Cagan Alkan , Daniel Ennis , John Pauly , Mert Pilanci , Shreyas Vasanawala

Recent success of diffusion models has inspired a surge of interest in developing sampling techniques using reverse diffusion processes. However, accurately estimating the drift term in the reverse stochastic differential equation (SDE)…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-22 Zhekun Shi , Longlin Yu , Tianyu Xie , Cheng Zhang

Diffusion models have recently emerged as powerful generative priors for solving inverse problems. However, training diffusion models in the pixel space are both data-intensive and computationally demanding, which restricts their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Bowen Song , Soo Min Kwon , Zecheng Zhang , Xinyu Hu , Qing Qu , Liyue Shen

We found that enforcing guidance throughout the sampling process is often counterproductive due to the model-fitting issue, where samples are 'tuned' to match the classifier's parameters rather than generalizing the expected condition. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Anh-Dung Dinh , Daochang Liu , Chang Xu

Semantic segmentation and change detection are two fundamental challenges in remote sensing, requiring models to capture either spatial semantics or temporal differences from satellite imagery. Existing deep learning models often struggle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Ali Shibli , Andrea Nascetti , Yifang Ban

We propose a framework to perform Bayesian inference using conditional score-based diffusion models to solve a class of inverse problems in mechanics involving the inference of a specimen's spatially varying material properties from noisy…

We present the first framework to solve linear inverse problems leveraging pre-trained latent diffusion models. Previously proposed algorithms (such as DPS and DDRM) only apply to pixel-space diffusion models. We theoretically analyze our…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Litu Rout , Negin Raoof , Giannis Daras , Constantine Caramanis , Alexandros G. Dimakis , Sanjay Shakkottai

Diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable generative capabilities in image processing tasks. We propose a Sparse condition Temporal Rewighted Integrated Distribution Estimation guided diffusion model (STRIDE) for sparse-view CT…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Zekun Zhou , Yanru Gong , Liu Shi , Qiegen Liu

Diffusion-based generative models are extremely effective in generating high-quality images, with generated samples often surpassing the quality of those produced by other models under several metrics. One distinguishing feature of these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Ashwini Pokle , Zhengyang Geng , Zico Kolter

In this paper, we present the Directly Denoising Diffusion Model (DDDM): a simple and generic approach for generating realistic images with few-step sampling, while multistep sampling is still preserved for better performance. DDDMs require…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Dan Zhang , Jingjing Wang , Feng Luo

Guided diffusion is a technique for conditioning the output of a diffusion model at sampling time without retraining the network for each specific task. One drawback of diffusion models, however, is their slow sampling process. Recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-30 Suttisak Wizadwongsa , Supasorn Suwajanakorn

Pretrained diffusion models have demonstrated strong capabilities in zero-shot inverse problem solving by incorporating observation information into the generation process of the diffusion models. However, this presents an inherent dilemma:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Xun Su , Hiroyuki Kasai

Guidance serves as a key concept in diffusion models, yet its effectiveness is often limited by the need for extra data annotation or classifier pretraining. That is why guidance was harnessed from self-supervised learning backbones, like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Vincent Tao Hu , Yunlu Chen , Mathilde Caron , Yuki M. Asano , Cees G. M. Snoek , Bjorn Ommer

This study introduces a training-free conditional diffusion model for learning unknown stochastic differential equations (SDEs) using data. The proposed approach addresses key challenges in computational efficiency and accuracy for modeling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Yanfang Liu , Yuan Chen , Dongbin Xiu , Guannan Zhang

Inverse problems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs) are crucial in science and engineering. They are particularly challenging due to ill-posedness, data sparsity, and the added complexity of irregular geometries. Classical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Sifan Wang , Zhikai Wu , David van Dijk , Lu Lu

Diffusion models deliver high quality in image synthesis but remain expensive during training and inference. Recent works have leveraged the inherent redundancy in visual content to make training more affordable by training only on a subset…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Felix Krause , Stefan Andreas Baumann , Johannes Schusterbauer , Olga Grebenkova , Ming Gui , Vincent Tao Hu , Björn Ommer