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Medical multimodal representation learning aims to integrate heterogeneous clinical data into unified patient representations to support predictive modeling, which remains an essential yet challenging task in the medical data mining…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Xiaoguang Zhu , Lianlong Sun , Yang Liu , Pengyi Jiang , Uma Srivatsa , Nipavan Chiamvimonvat , Vladimir Filkov

Multimodal sentiment analysis aims to identify the emotions expressed by individuals through visual, language, and acoustic cues. However, most existing research assume that all modalities are available during both training and testing,…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Weide Liu , Huijing Zhan

Radiologists must utilize multiple modal images for tumor segmentation and diagnosis due to the limitations of medical imaging and the diversity of tumor signals. This leads to the development of multimodal learning in segmentation.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Chuyun Shen , Wenhao Li , Haoqing Chen , Xiaoling Wang , Fengping Zhu , Yuxin Li , Xiangfeng Wang , Bo Jin

Multimodal learning has increasingly become a focal point in research, primarily due to its ability to integrate complementary information from diverse modalities. Nevertheless, modality imbalance, stemming from factors such as insufficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Rongrong Xie , Guido Sanguinetti

As medical diagnoses increasingly leverage multimodal data, machine learning models are expected to effectively fuse heterogeneous information while remaining robust to missing modalities. In this work, we propose a novel multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Yi Gu , Kuniaki Saito , Jiaxin Ma

Multimodal learning seeks to combine data from multiple input sources to enhance the performance of different downstream tasks. In real-world scenarios, performance can degrade substantially if some input modalities are missing. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Niki Nezakati , Md Kaykobad Reza , Ameya Patil , Mashhour Solh , M. Salman Asif

Multimodal learning has significantly enhanced machine learning performance but still faces numerous challenges and limitations. Imbalanced multimodal learning is one of the problems extensively studied in recent works and is typically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Shu Shen , C. L. Philip Chen , Tong Zhang

Effectively leveraging multimodal data such as various images, laboratory tests and clinical information is gaining traction in a variety of AI-based medical diagnosis and prognosis tasks. Most existing multi-modal techniques only focus on…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-28 Yingying Fang , Shuang Wu , Sheng Zhang , Chaoyan Huang , Tieyong Zeng , Xiaodan Xing , Simon Walsh , Guang Yang

Multimodal deep learning, especially vision-language models, have gained significant traction in recent years, greatly improving performance on many downstream tasks, including content moderation and violence detection. However, standard…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Zhuokai Zhao , Harish Palani , Tianyi Liu , Lena Evans , Ruth Toner

To generate accurate and reliable predictions, modern AI systems need to combine data from multiple modalities, such as text, images, audio, spreadsheets, and time series. Multi-modal data introduces new opportunities and challenges for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Arthur Hoarau , Benjamin Quost , Sébastien Destercke , Willem Waegeman

Multimodal learning combines information from multiple data modalities to improve predictive performance. However, modalities often contribute unequally and in a data dependent way, making it unclear which data modalities are genuinely…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-03 Mathew Chandy , Michael Johnson , Judong Shen , Devan V. Mehrotra , Hua Zhou , Jin Zhou , Xiaowu Dai

Multimodal deep learning has shown strong potential in medical applications by integrating heterogeneous data sources such as medical images and structured clinical variables. However, most existing approaches implicitly assume complete…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Camillo Maria Caruso , Valerio Guarrasi , Paolo Soda

Medical multimodal learning faces significant challenges with missing modalities prevalent in clinical practice. Existing approaches assume equal contribution of modality and random missing patterns, neglecting inherent uncertainty in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Linxiao Gong , Yang Liu , Lianlong Sun , Yulai Bi , Jing Liu , Xiaoguang Zhu

Supervised multi-modal learning involves mapping multiple modalities to a target label. Previous studies in this field have concentrated on capturing in isolation either the inter-modality dependencies (the relationships between different…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Divyam Madaan , Taro Makino , Sumit Chopra , Kyunghyun Cho

In recent years, there has been a significant increase in applications of multimodal signal processing and analysis, largely driven by the increased availability of multimodal datasets and the rapid progress in multimodal learning systems.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-22 Hadi Hadizadeh , S. Faegheh Yeganli , Bahador Rashidi , Ivan V. Bajić

In this paper, we tackle two challenges in multimodal learning for visual recognition: 1) when missing-modality occurs either during training or testing in real-world situations; and 2) when the computation resources are not available to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Yi-Lun Lee , Yi-Hsuan Tsai , Wei-Chen Chiu , Chen-Yu Lee

Multimodal learning often outperforms its unimodal counterparts by exploiting unimodal contributions and cross-modal interactions. However, focusing only on integrating multimodal features into a unified comprehensive representation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Sehwan Moon , Hyunju Lee

The missing modality problem poses a fundamental challenge in multimodal sentiment analysis, significantly degrading model accuracy and generalization in real world scenarios. Existing approaches primarily improve robustness through prompt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Rongfei Chen , Tingting Zhang , Xiaoyu Shen , Wei Zhang

Multimodal learning has seen remarkable progress, particularly with the emergence of large-scale pre-training across various modalities. However, most current approaches are built on the assumption of a deterministic, one-to-one alignment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Sanghyuk Chun

The quest for incremental unified multimodal anomaly detection seeks to empower a single model with the ability to systematically detect anomalies across all categories and support incremental learning to accommodate emerging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Kaifang Long , Lianbo Ma , Jiaqi Liu , Liming Liu , Guoyang Xie