Related papers: Number theory combination: natural density and SMT
We present modeling for conceptual combinations which uses the mathematical formalism of quantum theory. Our model faithfully describes a large amount of experimental data collected by different scholars on concept conjunctions and…
A density matrix describes the statistical state of a quantum system. It is a powerful formalism to represent both the quantum and classical uncertainty of quantum systems and to express different statistical operations such as measurement,…
We describe a theory of finite sets, and investigate the analogue of Dedekind's theory of natural number systems (simply infinite systems) in this theory. Unlike the infinitary case, in our theory, natural number systems come in differing…
While model checking has often been considered as a practical alternative to building formal proofs, we argue here that the theory of sequent calculus proofs can be used to provide an appealing foundation for model checking. Since the…
The multiplicative theory of a set of numbers (which could be natural, integer, rational, real or complex numbers) is the first-order theory of the structure of that set with (solely) the multiplication operation (that set is taken to be…
String theory and supersymmetry are theoretical ideas that go beyond the standard model of particle physics and show promise for unifying all forces. After a brief introduction to supersymmetry, we discuss the prospects for its experimental…
Mathematical theory of selection is developed within the frameworks of general models of inhomogeneous populations with continuous time. Methods that allow us to study the distribution dynamics under natural selection and to construct…
The perturbative analysis of models of open and closed superstrings presents a number of surprises. For instance, variable numbers of antisymmetric tensors ensure their consistency via generalized Green-Schwarz cancellations and a novel…
Amidst all candidates of physics beyond the Standard Model, string theory provides a unique proposal for incorporating gauge and gravitational interactions. In string theory, a four-dimensional theory that unifies quantum mechanics and…
This paper discusses the interplay of symmetries and stability in the analysis and control of nonlinear dynamical systems and networks. Specifically, it combines standard results on symmetries and equivariance with recent convergence…
The structure of the moduli space of N=1 supersymmetric gauge theories is analyzed from an algebraic geometric viewpoint. The connection between the fundamental fields of the ultraviolet theory, and the gauge invariant composite fields of…
The SMT (Satisfiability Modulo Theories) theory of arrays is well-established and widely used, with variousdecision procedures and extensions developed for it. However, recent works suggest that developing tailoredreasoning for some…
Random graph models are used to describe the complex structure of real-world networks in diverse fields of knowledge. Studying their behavior and fitting properties are still critical challenges, that in general, require model specific…
The main purpose of this article is to describe potential benefits and applications of the SP theory, a unique attempt to simplify and integrate ideas across artificial intelligence, mainstream computing and human cognition, with…
Constraint answer set programming is a promising research direction that integrates answer set programming with constraint processing. It is often informally related to the field of satisfiability modulo theories. Yet, the exact formal link…
We investigate the domain of satisfiable formulas in satisfiability modulo theories (SMT), in particular, automatic generation of a multitude of satisfying assignments to such formulas. Despite the long and successful history of SMT in…
Dempster-Shafer theory is widely applied to uncertainty modelling and knowledge reasoning due to its ability of expressing uncertain information. However, some conditions, such as exclusiveness hypothesis and completeness constraint, limit…
Satisfiability Modulo Theory (SMT) has recently emerged as a powerful tool for solving various automated reasoning problems across diverse domains. Unlike traditional satisfiability methods confined to Boolean variables, SMT can reason on…
As an approach to a Theory of Everything a framework for developing a coherent theory of mathematics and physics together is described. The main characteristic of such a theory is discussed: the theory must be valid and and sufficiently…
The concept of complexity appears in virtually all areas of knowledge. Its intuitive meaning shares similarities across fields, but disagreements between its details hinders a general definition, leading to a plethora of proposed…